Chemical mixtures: toxicologic interactions and risk assessment

Schaaper, Johanna E.; Hertzberg, Richard C.; Simmons, Jane Ellen; Mumtaz, Moiz; Rice, Glenn

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813724-6.00037-2

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Several organizations, including the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recommend that, if the toxicological effect of substances is similar (each substance affects the same target organ or has a similar effect), their combined effect can be considered the sum of their individual effects [ 11 , 12 ]. The additivity of effects is the most common assumption in the absence of information on the nature of the interaction, supposing that substances causing the same harmful effects would additively increase the risks to workers [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiXie, an Online Tool for Better Health Assessment of Workers Exposed to Multiple Chemicals

Rocca

Sarazin

2022

IJERPH

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There is increasing concern for workers facing multiple chemical exposure. The accumulation of information on occupational conditions indicates the need to incorporate the concept of multiple exposures in the risk assessment process and to develop tools for assessing the potential impacts of multiple exposures on workers’ health. Our objective is to describe the MiXie online decision-making tool that can be used to assess the risk of exposure to multiple chemicals. The description includes the development of MiXie, the structure of its toxicological database according to the target organ or the mode of action, and the algorithm for quantitative analysis of a mixture. Two case studies of its use in evaluating the risks of multiple exposures in real workplace situations are presented. The case study in the printing industry showed increased risk for four toxicological classes (central nervous system damage, ocular damage, skin damage, and ototoxicity) associated with co-exposure to four chemicals during maintenance operations. The MiXie analysis also showed the presence of carcinogenic substances in the mixture and a risk to the development of the foetus. The case study in nail salons showed the presence of carcinogenic and sensitizing chemicals and an increased risk to upper airways. MiXie helps preventers evaluate the possible additive effects of mixtures, providing an easy-to-read diagnosis to identify risks incurred by co-exposed employees. In addition, MiXie identifies risky occupational situations that would go unnoticed without a multiple substance approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%