“…Supercritical fluids (SCFs) display unique physicochemical properties such as low viscosity, zero surface tension, and high diffusivity . The SCF technology has received much attention in the fields of nanomaterial synthesis ranging from scientific research to industrial application. − Owing to the solvation behavior and enhanced mass transfer ability of SCFs, a homogeneous reaction environment could be formed by dissolving chemicals (including metal precursor, organic solvent, surfactant, redox agent, and so on) in SCFs, realizing a rapid SCF-assisted hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis of metals, metal hydroxides, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal–organic frameworks, and composites. − On the other hand, structure tuning of nanomaterials such as exfoliation, − surface reduction and oxidation, phase engineering, − and elemental doping − could be realized by the post-treatment strategy utilizing SCFs.…”