Chemiluminescence Sensor for the Determination of Perphenazine Based on a Molecular Imprinted Polymer

Abstract

Experimental ApparatusThe schematic diagram of the sensor used in this work is shown in Fig. 1. The reagent solutions and sample solutions were delivered with two peristaltic pumps. PTFE tubes (0.8 mm i.d.) were used to connect all components in the flow system. CL measurements were performed using an IFFL-D CL analyzer (Xi'an Remax Electronic High-Tech Ltd., China). A luminol-potassium ferricyanide-perphenazine CL reaction with high sensitivity for the determination of perphenazine was found. A perphenazine molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized. Using the perphenazine MIP as a recognition material, a novel molecular imprinting-chemiluminescence (MI-CL) sensor for the determination of perphenazine was made based on the luminol-potassium ferricyanide-perphenazine CL reaction. The sensor displayed good selectivity and high sensitivity. The linear-response range of the sensor was 5.0 × 10 -8 -1.0 × 10 -5 g/ml with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9961. The detection limit was 2 × 10 -8 g/ml perphenazine and the relative standard deviation for 1.0 × 10 -6 g/ml perphenazine solution was 3.7% (n = 11). The sensor was applied to the determination of perphenazine in urine samples with satisfactory results.

Sensitive determination of perphenazine in pharmaceuticals and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence method using [Ru(phen)3]2+-ce(IV) system and a chemometrical optimization approach

“…23 CL systems have also been used for the determination of perphenazine. These methods are based on the CL systems including permanganate in sulphuric acid, 24 luminalKMnO 4 , 25 luminal-ferricyanide 26,27 and Ce(IV)-HNO 3 . 28 In experimentation, we attempt to monitor the effects of certain inputs or material on the subject matter of interest.…”

“…In comparison with CL methods, [24][25][26]28 the proposed method is sensitive with a wide linear dynamic range, moreover it has been applied for the quantification of perphenazine in human serum and pharmaceuticals. Some of the sensitive methods in Table 8, besides chemical information for perphenazine, provide multianalyte information about related species, compounds and metabolites presented in the sample.…”

A molecularly imprinted polymer based chemiluminescence array sensor for one‐step determination of phenothiazines and benzodiazepines in pig urine

“…For comparison with the present sensor, several related methods are listed in Table 3. As shown in Table 3, the two MIP based flowinjection CL sensors required special instruments, [19,20] and the preparation of the MIP-based potentiometric sensor was sophiscated. [26] Furthermore, the three sensors were only able to detect the samples one by one, and their sensitivities were much lower than the present sensor.…”

“…In this method, the co‐existed interferents can be eliminated by the MIP effectively, so the method selectivity is highly improved. Therefore, the MIP‐CL method has been used to analyze many analytes, including PZs …”

“…Therefore, the MIP-CL method has been used to analyze many analytes, [14][15][16][17][18] including PZs. [19,20] However, the MIP-CL method mentioned earlier is performed in a dual-pump flow injection mode. Under this mode, a special dual-pump injection system is required, and the assay process is divided in to four steps.…”