The series of compounds Fe x Cr 3Ϫx Se 4 , with 0рxр3, has been prepared and various thermoelectric properties measured from 5 to 900 K. Unlike most thermoelectric materials that are band semiconductors with high carrier mobilities, Fe x Cr 3Ϫx Se 4 are polaronic semiconductors with Hall mobility values, over 100 times smaller. Nevertheless, Fe x Cr 3Ϫx Se 4 has a surprisingly high thermoelectric figure of merit-within a factor of 5 of state-of-the-art materials. Advantageous as a thermoelectric, Fe x Cr 3Ϫx Se 4 can be heavily doped both n-and p-type, switching at xϭ0.75. Although a nearly complete solid solution appears to exist in Fe x Cr 3Ϫx Se 4 , a small but distinct discontinuity was found in the structural and physical properties at xϭ1.5. The electronic transport measurements are consistent with small polaron conductivity, both in the high-temperature activated region, and low-temperature phonon-assisted hopping region proportional to exp(ϪT Ϫ1/4). The magnetic properties are complex and only an approximate phase diagram is given. Only small discontinuities are observed in the transport data at the magnetic transitions. The thermal conductivity of the solid solutions are relatively low, with a glasslike temperature dependence. The thermoelectric figure of merit ͑ZT͒ peaks at compositions of x ϭ0.9 for p-type and about xϭ0.5 for n-type. The highest ZT value of 0.15 was found in p-type samples at 525 K.