Chemoenzymatic and microbial dynamic kinetic resolutions

Abstract

This review tracks a decade of dynamic kinetic resolution developments with a biocatalytic inclination using enzymatic/microbial means for the resolution part followed by the racemization reactions either by means of enzymatic or chemocatalyst. These fast developments are due to the ability of the biocatalysts to significantly reduce the number of synthetic steps which are common for conventional synthesis. Future developments in novel reactions and products of dynamic kinetic resolutions should consider factors that are needed to be extracted at the early synthetic stage to avoid inhibition at scale-up stage have been highlighted.

Exploiting Enzymatic Dynamic Reductive Kinetic Resolution (DYRKR) in Stereocontrolled Synthesis

“…The search for other microbial strains harboring ADHs capable of catalyzing similar biotransformations has led to a number of prospecting successes. [34] A schematic mapping of species vs. ideal β-keto ester (nitrile) substrate type is presented in Scheme 9. Note the high selectivities observed in these promising screens for DYRKR transformations of diverse β-keto functionalities.…”

Lipases: Valuable catalysts for dynamic kinetic resolutions

“…2b) is employed, the biocatalyzed reaction can be stereoselective, so that a kinetic resolution takes place. In fact, lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolutions have been described as a useful method for producing compounds with high optical purity, including alcohols, amines, amino acids, carboxylic acids and esters (Ahmed et al, 2012;Bornscheuer and Kazlauskas, 2005;Ghanem, 2007;Ghanem and Aboul-Enein, 2005;Kamaruddin et al, 2009).…”

Enantiocomplementary Preparation of (S)- and (R)-Arylalkylcarbinols by Lipase-Catalysed Resolution and Mitsunobu Inversion: Impact of Lipase Amount

“…In order to circumvent this constraint associated with the yield, several approaches have been developed, which render an enantio-convergent process delivering a single enantiomeric product in 100% theoretical yield [11][12][13]. Methods based on a dynamic kinetic resolution imply in situ transition-metal-catalyzed racemization of the slowly reacting enantiomer combined with kinetic resolution process [14][15][16].…”