“…Also the short half-life may contribute significantly to the specific alkylation of the membrane surface and to exclusion from the intracellular medium. The connecting, insulating linkage has two purposes: (1) to prevent the immunogenic moiety from inhibiting the reactivity of the sulfur mustard and (2) to project the immunogenic moiety outward from the cell membrane surface, thus aiding recognition by the immune surveillance system. Two types of immunogenic determinants were prepared: (1) those which may elicit antihapten antibodies when conjugated with carrier proteins and (2) entities capable of stimulating the production of hapten-sensitized lymphocytes.…”
The preparation of a series of water-soluble mustard haptens for chemoimmunotherapy of cancer is described. Preliminary screening data are given, indicating some activity against P388 lymphocytic leukemia for those compounds containing the most potent immunogenic functional groups.
“…Also the short half-life may contribute significantly to the specific alkylation of the membrane surface and to exclusion from the intracellular medium. The connecting, insulating linkage has two purposes: (1) to prevent the immunogenic moiety from inhibiting the reactivity of the sulfur mustard and (2) to project the immunogenic moiety outward from the cell membrane surface, thus aiding recognition by the immune surveillance system. Two types of immunogenic determinants were prepared: (1) those which may elicit antihapten antibodies when conjugated with carrier proteins and (2) entities capable of stimulating the production of hapten-sensitized lymphocytes.…”
The preparation of a series of water-soluble mustard haptens for chemoimmunotherapy of cancer is described. Preliminary screening data are given, indicating some activity against P388 lymphocytic leukemia for those compounds containing the most potent immunogenic functional groups.
“…A variant of this method which could conceivably be used to increase the number of antigen sites on tumors is suggested by the study of Soloway et al (59). In this work, the authors investigated the possibility of synthesizing a hapten which would be selectively taken up by tumor cells and which might initiate an anti-hapten cytotoxic reaction directed against them.…”
Section: Possible Approaches To Binding the Required Number O F Boronmentioning
The use of the blood-brain barrier and of tumor-specific antibodies to concentrate boron selectively in gliomas for neutron capture therapy is considered experimentally and theoretically. The time-dependent concentration of two anionic boranes, B12H11SH2––and B12H11 SOSB12H114––, in the blood, brain, and tumor of rats bearing a tumor of gliomatous origin is reported. The rate of clearance of each anionic borane from the blood is correlated with the fraction of non-protein bound anion in the plasma. The use of antibodies to carry therapeutically useful amounts of boron to tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens on the tumor cell surface will require different numbers of boron atoms bound per antibody depending on several immunological and physical parameters. Calculations using published values of antibody-antigen association constants and of cell surface antigen densities predict that in order to obtain 10 μg 10B/g tumor from 10 to over 10,000 boron-10 atoms will have to be bound per tumor antigenic site.
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