We numerically and experimentally investigated the Cherenkov-type second harmonic generation of structured fundamental wave, whose phase was periodically modulated, in periodically poled nonlinear crystals. The Cherenkov-type second harmonic generation with different parameters of the structured fundamental wave was investigated. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. This study provides a method of dynamically tailoring the Cherenkov-type second harmonic wave and also has potential application in other nonlinear frequency conversion processes.