Chiefdoms and Their Analogues:

Гринин, Леонид; Korotayev, Andrey V.

doi:10.2307/j.ctvqc6hq0.6

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…1 And one can trace this already at the earliest stages of the historical process (see e.g., Carneiro 1970;Claessen and van de Velde 1985;Claessen 2002;Chase-Dunn and Hall 1997;Fried 1967a;1967b;Service 1975;Kremer, 1993;Korotayev 1997Korotayev , 2003а, 2003bKorotayev , 2005Korotayev , 2007Korotayev , 2020aKorotayev , 2020bGrinin 2003Grinin , 2004aGrinin , 2004bGrinin , 2006а, 2007aGrinin , 2011а, 2012b.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Transformations in the Historical Process in the Light of Technological Development: Theoretical Approach

Grinin,

Grinin

2023

SEH

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The analysis of the demographic component and of the demographic dimension of historical process has unfortunately not been sufficiently studied in the social sciences. The demographic development of humankind is even more rarely studied in its close connection with technological development. However, this is an extremely important aspect that can not only explain essential dimensions of the development, but also provide a basis for explaining current processes and forecasting our futures. Moreover, in many ways, it is an integral aspect of analysis, because it focuses on people, the population, that is the main subject of society and humanity. Accordingly, the changes in demographic parameters (both quantitative and qualitative) have an impact on the entire social system, from technology to ideology as well as on the World System at whole. Population growth is undoubtedly the most important driving force of the development of society. The most important subsystem of society, which constitutes its material basis, combines population and production. The link between demography and production is seemingly obvious, since, on the one hand, production determines population growth opportunities and, on the other hand, population size affects the production and other opportunities of a society. However, this relationship is not so simple and is also non-linear, and in addition, the correlation between the demographic and production components of societies changes significantly over the course of the historical process. It is also not always so easy to explain strong fluctuations and transformations in population dynamics. In the present study, the authors provide an analysis of the demographic development of humankind in its close connection with technological development, including the twenty-first century trends. This work, consisting of two articles, aims to provide a theoretical framework for the correlation between the development of production and technology, on the one hand, and demographic transformations, on the other, during the historical process, and to describe all major demographic transformations during human history. The work describes the historical types of population reproduction (TPR) and the reasons for their change. All this makes it possible to make a forecast about the vectors and main features of the coming demographic transformation in the twenty-first century. This (first) article describes theoretical approaches and models of the connection between production revolutions (Agrarian, Industrial and Cybernetic) and the largest demographic transformations, and also reflects important points influencing on population growth and its limitatio-ns. It is shown that the production revolution and the development of the production principle cycle in general change the type of population reproduction, and together they provide the most powerful impulse for the qualitative reorganization of the entire social structure and social relations and further world-system configurations. The authors conclude that every production revolution is followed by a fundamental change in demography. And vice versa, population growth causes such changes in society and inter-societal relations, communications and diffusion of innovations that it greatly accelerates technological development. However, there are many nuances and external inconsistencies in this correlation that require explanation. The latter are given in the second article, which also makes predictions about future demographic transformations.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Transformations in the Historical Process in the Light of Technological Development: Theoretical Approach

Grinin,

Grinin

2023

SEH

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“…An established pre-industrial state with bureaucracy and private property ('traditional state', 'mature state', 'agrarian state', 'estatesclass society', 'pre-industrial state', etc.) (Service 1975;Claessen and Skalník 1978;Vassilev 1983;Johnson and Earle 1987;Gellner 1988;Pavlenko 1989;Ilushechkin 1990;Kradin 2001;Grinin et al 2004;Grinin 2008;Skalník 2009;2012 etc. ).…”

Section: The Historical Dynamic: What Is a State?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of the Early Russian State: Anthropological Perspectives

Kradin

2023

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The origin of State in Russia is one of permanently debatable issues among the Russian scholars. The present article discusses this problem in the context of some anthropological approaches. The important role of such factors as a foreign trade and war is shown. The importance of the ideas of chiefdom, early state and heterarchy in establishing the political complexity in the early Rus' is considered.

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“…Such 'lateral' variants include, for example, highly developed tribal confederations (such as the Iroquois), super-complex caste-clan systems, as well as various developed tribal forms of some nomadic and agricultural mountain peoples (especially in the Near and Middle East and North Africa). Such polities were often 'lateral' (alternative or analogous) forms of relatively complex chiefdoms and early states and existed in their niches for quite a long time, completely replacing the state structures which eventually substituted them (for more details, see Korotayev 1993Korotayev , 1994Korotayev , 1995Korotayev , 1996Korotayev , 2000aKorotayev , 2000bKorotayev , 2003aKorotayev , 2003bKorotayev , 2006Korotayev , 2020aKorotayev , 2021Korotayev, Kradin et al 2000;Grinin 2003cGrinin , 20042012;Grinin, Korotayev 2009b, 2011Carneiro, Grinin, Korotayev 2017).…”

Section: Unilinear Approach and Its Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, this makes the theory harmonious, but it does not correspond to reality at all. This is especially the case when forms analogous to the early state were (and still are) declared to be pre-state (see Grinin 2003Grinin , 2004Grinin et al 2004). 14 Consequently, the unilinear approach completely distorts the course of evolution.…”

Section: Unilinear Approach and Its Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognizing the multilinearity of social evolution, we proceed from the assumption that for each level of complexity of social evolution it is possible to identify certain developmental alternatives. Different social and political forms coexisted and competed with each other for a long time, and in retrospect, the non-mainstream lines, models and options could prove to be more competitive and appropriate for a number of specific environmental and social niches, than those that later became dominant (e.g., about the evolution the statehood see Grinin 2004Grinin , 2012Grinin , 2020b; about the technological evolution see Grinin 2007cGrinin , 2012; see also Grinin L. and Grinin A. 2023).…”

Section: Alternativity and Competitiveness Of Social Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Evolution: Theoretical Aspects and General Outlines

Grinin,

Korotayev

2023

SEH

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The present article is devoted to social evolution both as a part of macroevolution and as a specific process that have led humanity to outstanding successes and heights (while creating in the meantime serious crises and major problems). The article examines important theoretical aspects of social evolution within the framework of a more general approach, which we call evolutionary studies. The authors give a definition of social evolution, examine its most important mechanisms, compare it with biological evolution, introduce the concept of social aromorphosis, and analyse the concept of unilinear and multilinear evolution. We show that only by considering the evolution as multilinear one can identify the major trends and patterns of social evolution and evolution in general. The authors view social evolution both as changes in a relatively local and not so long-term perspective and as a larger process that we call social macroevolution. In our understanding, social macroevolution is a special dimension of social evolution that encompasses a series of the most important and milestone transformations that have led to the emergence and development of the World System (and, accordingly, a theory that focuses on their analysis). The genesis of the World System and a number of its further changes are the key elements of the social macro-evolutionary process. Moreover, the emergence of the World System was not only the most important result of the entire previous course of social evolution, but also became, in a certain sense, the threshold beyond which it is absolutely necessary to distinguish social macroevolution as a special supra-social part of social evolution (i.e., the part that no longer relates to the level of only individual society). The main trends of macroevolution, such as the irreversibility of evolution, its particular direction, variability, are expressed both in the systemic features and in the transformations of the World System. The article was prepared as a part of the research work of the state task of the RANEPA.

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Chiefdoms and Their Analogues:

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Demographic Transformations in the Historical Process in the Light of Technological Development: Theoretical Approach

Demographic Transformations in the Historical Process in the Light of Technological Development: Theoretical Approach

Origins of the Early Russian State: Anthropological Perspectives

Social Evolution: Theoretical Aspects and General Outlines

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