Child abuse: current problems and key public health challenges

Djeddah, Carol; Facchin, Paola; Ranzato, C.; Romer, Claude

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00070-8

Cited by 49 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Harmful deficits in self-esteem and a range of related problems, such as eating disorders,150 151 self-harm, suicide, somatic illnesses and detriments to academic performance, have been reported in the mental health literature 152. Sport research similarly identifies that athletes self-report feelings of anxiety and depression, low self-esteem, poor body image25 and, ultimately, dropping out of sport 38 42 43.…”

Section: Impacts Of Non-accidental Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

et al. 2016

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Despite the well-recognised benefits of sport, there are also negative influences on athlete health, well-being and integrity caused by non-accidental violence through harassment and abuse. All athletes have a right to engage in ‘safe sport’, defined as an athletic environment that is respectful, equitable and free from all forms of non-accidental violence to athletes. Yet, these issues represent a blind spot for many sport organisations through fear of reputational damage, ignorance, silence or collusion. This consensus statement extends the 2007 IOC Consensus Statement on Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport, presenting additional evidence of several other types of harassment and abuse—psychological, physical and neglect. All ages and types of athletes are susceptible to these problems but science confirms that elite, disabled, child and lesbian/gay/bisexual/trans-sexual (LGBT) athletes are at highest risk, that psychological abuse is at the core of all other forms and that athletes can also be perpetrators. Harassment and abuse arise from prejudices expressed through power differences. Perpetrators use a range of interpersonal mechanisms including contact, non-contact/verbal, cyber-based, negligence, bullying and hazing. Attention is paid to the particular risks facing child athletes, athletes with a disability and LGBT athletes. Impacts on the individual athlete and the organisation are discussed. Sport stakeholders are encouraged to consider the wider social parameters of these issues, including cultures of secrecy and deference that too often facilitate abuse, rather than focusing simply on psychopathological causes. The promotion of safe sport is an urgent task and part of the broader international imperative for good governance in sport. A systematic multiagency approach to prevention is most effective, involving athletes, entourage members, sport managers, medical and therapeutic practitioners, educators and criminal justice agencies. Structural and cultural remedies, as well as practical recommendations, are suggested for sport organisations, athletes, sports medicine and allied disciplines, sport scientists and researchers. The successful prevention and eradication of abuse and harassment against athletes rests on the effectiveness of leadership by the major international and national sport organisations.

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Section: Impacts Of Non-accidental Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

et al. 2016

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“…The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) provides the first nationally representative data on well-being and service receipt for children involved in child maltreatment investigations (Administration for Children and Families, 2005;NSCAW Research Group, 2003). Analysis of this C hild maltreatment has been recognized as a major public health issue (World Health Organization, 2006) representing a significant burden of morbidity and premature mortality (Djedda, Facchin, Ranzato, & Romer, 2000). In the United States during 2006, 3.6 million children received an investigation by child protective services (CPS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Special Education Services at School Entry for Children Who Were Involved With the Child Welfare System as Infants

Ringeisen

Casanueva

Cross

et al. 2009

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

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This study examines mental health and special education needs and service use at school entry among children involved in maltreatment investigations as infants. Data are from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a national probability study of 5,501 children investigated for maltreatment. The study sample comprised 959 children who were infants at baseline and 5 to 6 years old at the last follow-up. Half had behavioral or cognitive needs at entry to school. About a quarter received outpatient mental health or special education services. Logistic regression showed that compared to children residing with biological parents, adopted and foster children were more likely to receive mental health services, and children adopted or in kinship care were more likely to receive educational services. Increased monitoring of behavioral and cognitive needs of infants reported for maltreatment may facilitate their access to services and ease the transition to school.

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“…Child maltreatment is a public health problem of major importance [26] . Recently the reported events of child physical abuse have been decreasing, whereas the number of child sexual abuse has been increasing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Child Sexual Abuse within the Family in a Hungarian County

Csorba¹,

Lampé²,

Borsos³

et al. 2006

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of intrafamiliar female child sexual abuse and to explore common features that may be utilized as targets for possible methods of prevention. We also described the medical and legal approaches to handling child neglect. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study on 52 sexually abused girls under the age of 18 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical and Health Science Center of Debrecen. We prospectively recorded the data of all cases. Intrafamiliar events were defined if the victim and perpetrator belonged to the same family. Legal outcomes were also recorded. Results: During the 16-year period, 209 cases of sexual abuse were seen in our clinic, 52 of them had been involved in child sexual abuse within the family. This accounts for 25% of adolescent cases. Eighty-six percent of the victims were pupils, 50% of them were between 11 and 14 years of age. The perpetrator was the victim’s father in 44%, and the stepfather in 40%. There was a slight difference between the type of abuse among the pre- and postpubertal group of victims, but statistically it was not significant. The abuse occurred on multiple occasions in 52%. The occurrence rate of assault was the highest in the summer season (58%), mostly in the afternoon (42%) and it took place almost exclusively at home (98%). The mother accompanied the victim in 38% of the cases and the police in 40%. Vaginal penetration was the type of abuse in 75%, and sexual perversion in 25%. Six victims were physically injured, the presence of sperm could be confirmed on vulvovaginal smears in 2 cases. One pregnancy conceived. Nine cases were reported to the police and as a result of legal proceedings, 5 perpetrators have been sentenced. Conclusion: The majority of crimes take place within the family and are disclosed after multiple episodes. The small proportion of reported sexual assaults is the consequence of the lack of harmony between the Hungarian conditions of emergency care and the criminal law. Prevention calls for attention at all levels of child education, observation at off-school times, early involvement of health professionals, applying standardized medical guidelines and the modification of jurisdiction.

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Child abuse: current problems and key public health challenges

Cited by 49 publications

References 62 publications

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

Mental Health and Special Education Services at School Entry for Children Who Were Involved With the Child Welfare System as Infants

Female Child Sexual Abuse within the Family in a Hungarian County

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