Child neglect - still a neglected problem in the global world: A review

Abstract

Child neglect is a global problem that involves large costs for both the individual and for society. This article is based on published reviews and meta-analyses in the field of child neglect between 1980 and 2018. Of a total of 433 articles, 13 was included, main Data bases has been PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Psych Info, ERIC, CINAHL. The prevalence in the normal population was found to be between 16 and 26 percent, while the prevalence in clinical groups seem to be significantly higher. For example, was the prevalence of neglect 50% among patients with eating disorder. It is especially important to know who is reporting neglect. Research shows that neglect is strongly associated with among other things, depression, one of the most common illnesses among the general public. The theoretical models that are used are ecological. Risk factors can be found at all levels when using ecological models. Research shows that factors involving the relationship parent-child are among the most important. Neglect is more common in low-income countries than in high income countries. Most studies point to the importance of prevention. Existing preventive programs are most often of family and parental character. More research is needed, especially as concerns the development of preventive programs that can identify specific types of neglect and present suitable preventive measures, both at the societal and family level. Key points 1. Neglect is a global problem. 2. Prevalence depends on the measurement method and can vary between about 16% and 76%. 3. Prevalence is higher when negligence is self-reported than when reported by professionals. 4. The most common and most serious risk factors are present in the microsystem. Parenting and interactions between child and parent are considered important. 5. There is a link between neglect and, above all, depression, but also anxiety, self-harm and eating disorders.

Child sexual abuse and its determinants among children in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The findings of this systematic review indicated that victims of child sexual abuse experienced psychological consequences such as feeling lonely, attempt to commit suicide, fear of males, and verbal and physical aggressiveness. This finding is supported by previous systematic reviews [ 24 , 55 , 61 – 64 ]. Similarly, unwanted pregnancies, underwent an abortion, pain during urination, and vaginal discharge were sexual and reproductive health consequences reported by victims of child sexual abuse, which is supported by previous findings [ 24 , 61 , 63 , 65 ].…”

“…This could be because of children living with disability are more vulnerable to emotional, sexual, and physical abuse and neglect than non-disabled children [ 53 , 54 ]. Similarly, children who lack open discussion on sexual issues with parents were more likely to experience sexual abuse, which is supported by a previous systematic reviews [ 55 ]. This could be due to less parental involvement in children’s sexual and reproductive health behaviors which leads to missing opportunities to acquire experiences and life skills for the prevention of sexual abuse.…”

“…This could be because of children living with disability are more vulnerable to emotional, sexual, and physical abuse and neglect than non-disabled children [53,54]. Similarly, children who lack open discussion on sexual issues with parents were more likely to experience sexual abuse, which is supported by a previous systematic reviews [55]. This could be due to less parental…”

Relationally focused specialized foster care : Relational experiences and changes in mental health and adaptive functioning

“…An alternative explanation would be spontaneous maturation, which in that case could have happened without the special interventions of the TBF-model, or without foster care. However, previous studies of the effects of foster care or of maltreated children who have not been placed in foster care do not show that such spontaneous maturation usually happens (Engler et al, 2020;Goemans et al, 2015;Goemans et al, 2016;Gypen et al, 2017;Nilsson & Tingberg, 2020;Pecora et al, 2009).…”

Effect of Child Neglect on Psycho-Social Wellbeing and Academic Life of Children in Secondary School: Perception of Teachers in Ethiope East Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

“…In relation to a child's welfare, neglect can be described as the state of a child being uncared for or the situation in which a child is not being properly taken care of. Tingberg and Nilsson see child neglect as the absence of things, an omission of care needed by a child [2].…”