Childhood Hyperlipidemia and its Association with Early Growth Among Full‐Term–Born Children at 5 to 6 Years of Age in China

Li, Weiqin; Leng, Junhong; Wang, Zhen; Wang, Leishen; Wang, Shuo; Zhang, Tao; Qiao, Yijuan; Mi, Jie

doi:10.1002/oby.22840

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Of the 42 eligible articles, 25 were from Europe [11, 12, 17, 18, 20, 21, 24–28, 30–34, 36, 38–41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 50]; 8 were from North America [15, 19, 31, 35, 37, 49, 51, 52]; 4 were from China [13, 14, 22, 45]; 2 were from South America [25, 42]; and 3 were from Australia [16, 23, 48]. LGA was mainly defined as infants with BW above the 90th percentile for gestational age ( n = 29) [12, 14, 18, 19, 22, 24–29, 32–46, 48, 49, 51] and BW > 2 SD for gestational age ( n = 5) [11, 13, 20, 21, 47].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, 26 studies focused on BMI status categories, including overweight and obesity [11–36]; 21 studies reported glucose metabolism, including FBG, FIN, HOMA‐IR, and T1D [14, 20, 22, 24, 26, 30, 32, 34, 36–48]; 17 studies assessed lipid profiles, including TC, TG, LDL, HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia [13, 14, 19, 22, 24, 26, 30, 32, 34–36, 38, 41, 42, 45, 49, 50]; and 14 studies reported BP, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HBP [14, 18, 19, 22, 24, 30, 32, 35, 36, 42, 45, 50–52]. Of the 42 eligible articles, 25 were from Europe [11, 12, 17, 18, 20, 21, 24–28, 30–34, 36, 38–41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 50]; 8 were from North America [15, 19, 31, 35, 37, 49, 51, 52]; 4 were from China [13, 14, 22, 45]; 2 were from South America [25, 42]; and 3 were from Australia [16, 23, 48]. LGA was mainly defined as infants with BW above the 90th percentile for gestational age ( n = 29) […”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of large for gestational age with cardiovascular metabolic risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Objective The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships among large for gestational age (LGA) and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify studies on LGA and outcomes of interest, including BMI, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipid profiles. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers. A meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and funnel graph were used to assess the quality and publication bias, respectively. Results Overall, 42 studies involving 841,325 individuals were included. Compared with individuals born appropriate for gestational age, individuals born LGA had higher odds of overweight and obesity (odds ratios [OR] = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31‐1.59), type 1 diabetes (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15‐1.43), hypertension (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.51), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.43, 95%; CI: 1.05‐1.96). No significant difference was found in hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Stratified analyses showed that, compared with individuals born appropriate for gestational age, individuals born LGA had higher odds for overweight and obesity from toddler age to puberty age (toddler age: OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.22‐3.70; preschool: OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.55‐2.12; school age: OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09‐2.14; puberty: OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11‐1.77). Conclusions LGA is associated with increased odds of obesity and metabolic syndrome later in life. Future studies should focus on elucidating the potential mechanisms and identifying risk factors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of large for gestational age with cardiovascular metabolic risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zhang

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2023

Obesity

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“…Serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglyceride were measured enzymatically using Toshiba Automatic Chemistry Analyzer TBA-120FR (Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation). 24 We calculated the triglycerides to HDL-C ratio, as well as non-HDL-C levels using total cholesterol minus HDL-C. Childhood dyslipidemia was defined as total cholesterol ≥5.18 mmol/L, LDL-C ≥3.37 mmol/L, HDL-C <1.04 mmol/L, non-HDL-C ≥3.76 mmol/L or triglycerides ≥1.13 mmol/L (children aged from 0 to 9 years old) according to Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents in 2011. 25…”

Section: What Are the Clinical Implications Of The Study?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal gestational diabetes and childhood hyperlipidemia

et al. 2021

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With rapid economic development, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the leading causes for death among Chinese adults. 1 However, autopsy studies showed that the pathological progress of atherosclerosis began with aortic fatty streak and fibrous plaques in childhood, which were associated with dyslipidemia. [2][3][4] Meanwhile, the abnormal serum lipid concentration can be tracked from childhood into adulthood, which had an adverse effect on CVD. [5][6][7] Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey showed that from 2011 to 2012 approximately one in five US children and adolescents aged 8-17 years had an adverse concentration of total cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). 8 A meta-analysis from China indicated that the pooled prevalence of dyslipidemia including high total cholesterol, high triglyceride, high LDL-C or low HDL-C among Chinese children and adolescents was estimated as 25.3%. 9 The high prevalence of dyslipidemia in children is likely to be an important predictor of subsequent CVD risk in adults. Thus, prevention of dyslipidemia in early childhood might prevent the atherosclerosis process and ultimately the incidence of CVD in adults. 10

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“…A convincing body of evidence shows the impact of birthweight on the later development of obesity and dyslipidemia. 5 - 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A convincing body of evidence shows the impact of birthweight on the later development of obesity and dyslipidemia. [5][6][7] Scientists postulate that high birthweight indicates excessive nutrition in utero resulting in metabolic changes and predisposing the infant to obesity throughout its life. 8,9 Conversely, researchers propose that low birthweight indicates fetal under-nutrition that leads to in-utero changes in glucose: insulin metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Perinatal Factors With Severe Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Adulthood

Tadese

Ernst

Weaver

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

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Background: Perinatal factors including gestational age, birthweight, size for gestational age, delivery route, maternal parity, maternal age, maternal education, socioeconomic status, race, and sex, are associated with the future risk of obesity and co-morbid conditions. This study evaluated the relationship of birthweight for gestational age and perinatal factors with severe obesity and dyslipidemia in adulthood. Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective birth cohort study of infants born to residents of Olmsted County, MN between 1976 and 1982. Outcomes were assessed after age 18 years until October 2020, including severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) and dyslipidemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, non-high density lipoprotein [non-HDL] cholesterol ≥145 mg/dL or HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dL). We obtained mother’s age, education level, and parity as well as newborn sex, race, type of delivery, single/multiple birth, gestational age, and birthweight from birth certificate data. Individual-level socioeconomic status (SES) of the household at birth was determined with the HOUSES index. Results: Of 10 938 birth cohort subjects, 7394 had clinic visits after age 18 years and were included, with 2630 having severe obesity (n = 798) or dyslipidemia (n = 2357) as adults. In multivariable models, female sex, singleton birth, less maternal education, and lower SES defined by HOUSES were independently associated with an increased risk of severe obesity in adulthood. Non-white race, singleton birth, and lower birthweight were independently associated with adult dyslipidemia. Birthweight for gestational age was not associated with severe obesity or dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Perinatal factors were associated with both severe obesity and dyslipidemia in adulthood. Lower SES at birth was predictive of severe obesity in adulthood, highlighting the opportunity to investigate modifiable perinatal social determinants to reduce the risk of severe obesity.

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Childhood Hyperlipidemia and its Association with Early Growth Among Full‐Term–Born Children at 5 to 6 Years of Age in China

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Association of large for gestational age with cardiovascular metabolic risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Association of large for gestational age with cardiovascular metabolic risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Maternal gestational diabetes and childhood hyperlipidemia

Association of Perinatal Factors With Severe Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Adulthood

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