Chinese Yellow Wine and Red Wine Inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 and Improve Atherosclerotic Plaque in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice

Abstract

Our previous study found that Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the production of homocysteine (HCY) induced extracellular matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) in the cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Little is known about the relationship between Chinese yellow wine and atherosclerosis or MMP‐2 in vivo. Thirty‐two LDL Receptor knockout mice on a high‐fat and l‐methionine diet developed plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. They were randomly divided into yellow wine group (n = 8), red wine group (n = 8), ethanol group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8), they were sacrificed after 14 weeks. There were no significant differences with plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the four groups. Plasma HCY was significantly decreased in the yellow wine group compared to the other three groups (P < 0.01). Yellow wine and red wine groups significantly reduced the atherosclerosis lesion area compared to ethanol and control groups (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant discrepancy between the yellow wine group and red wine group. Compared to the control group and ethanol group, the production of MMP‐2 reduced 26.8% and 23.6% in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP‐2 reduced 32.6% and 27.3% in the aortic arch in the yellow wine group; the production of MMP‐2 reduced 25.7% and 22.4% in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP‐2 reduced 30.2% and 26.6% in the aortic arch in the red wine group. These results suggest that Chinese yellow wine and red wine can inhibit MMP‐2 and improve atherosclerosis, and maybe both Chinese yellow wine and red wine have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease by inhibiting MMP‐2.

Effects of rosuvastatin on the production and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and migration of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by homocysteine

“…A total of 20 μg proteins of various treatments were mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sample buffer without a reducing agent and loaded onto a 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel (0.1 g/ml) containing 0.1% gelatin (1 g/L) as described previously (Guo et al, 2010). Clear zones against the blue background indicated the presence of gelatinase.…”

Polyphenols and Polypeptides in Chinese Rice Wine Inhibit Homocysteine-induced Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

“…In the previous studies, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of rice wine on atherosclerosis in in vivo and in vitro experiments. 4,5 However, Chinese rice wine is a complex mixture containing various ingredients such as peptides, oligosaccharides, and polyphenols, and the exact ingredients that have the antiatherosclerosis effect are still unknown. 6 Increased homocysteine (Hcy) level in the blood has been demonstrated as an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, and it has already been confirmed that Hcy could promote vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation.…”

Polyphenols extracted from huangjiu have anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW264.7 cells

“…Among these components, the polyphenols in huangjiu are related to many biological activities, including antioxidant activity, 19 anti- atherosclerotic activity 23,24 and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. 22 Solid phase extraction (SPE) is commonly used to extract polyphenols for further quantication and identication. However, this method has some disadvantages, as it is time-consuming and leads to a very low yield of polyphenols in huangjiu extraction (data not shown).…”

“…13 It has been implicated that polyphenolic compounds can be preventive and therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases due to their antioxidant properties. [19][20][21] In a previous study, 22 huangjiu showed great health benets for cardiovascular disease in mouse models with plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. Aer feeding with huangjiu, the plasma homocysteine (p < 0.01) and atherosclerosis lesion areas (p < 0.001) of the model mice were signicantly reduced compared to the control and ethanol groups.…”