Chirality Supramolecular Systems: Helical Assemblies, Structure Designs, and Functions

Abstract

Chirality, as one of the most striking characteristics, exists at various scales in nature. Originating from the interactions of host and guest molecules, supramolecular chirality possesses huge potential in the design of functional materials. Here, an overview of the recent progress in structure designs and functions of chiral supramolecular materials is present. First, three design routes of the chiral supramolecular structure are summarized. Compared with the template‐induced and chemical synthesis strategies that depend on accurate molecular identification, the twisted‐assembly technique creates chiral materials through the ordered stacking of the nanowire or films. Next, chirality inversion and amplification are reviewed to explain the chirality transfer from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale, where the available external stimuli on the chirality inversion are also given. Lastly, owing to the optical activity and the characteristics of the layer‐by‐layer stacking structure, the supramolecular chirality materials display various excellent performances, including smart response, shape‐memorization, superior mechanical performance, and applications in biomedical fields. To sum up, this work provides a systematic review of the helical assemblies, structure design, and applications of supramolecular chirality systems.

Solvent-Mediated Chiral Self-Assembly of Nanosized π-Conjugated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane toward Full Spectrum Luminescence

“…As one of the basic properties, chirality exists widely in nature . By regulating the interactions between chiral molecules, the ordered assembly of chiral molecules can be achieved, thus producing materials with special chiral optical and electrical properties .…”

“…8 As one of the basic properties, chirality exists widely in nature. 9 By regulating the interactions between chiral molecules, the ordered assembly of chiral molecules can be achieved, thus producing materials with special chiral optical and electrical properties. 10 Compared with ordinary molecules, nanoscale molecules have more exposed active recognition sites and a lower threshold of external stimulation.…”

Interaction of Aromatic Amino Acids with Metal Complexes of Tetrakis-(4-Sulfonatophenyl)Porphyrin

“…Chirality in supramolecular chemistry is a highly investigated topic [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. From a fundamental point of view, it is important to understand the mechanism of chirality transfer or propagation from a chiral monomeric building block to a complex supramolecular architecture [ 1 , 4 ].…”

“…Chirality in supramolecular chemistry is a highly investigated topic [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. From a fundamental point of view, it is important to understand the mechanism of chirality transfer or propagation from a chiral monomeric building block to a complex supramolecular architecture [ 1 , 4 ]. More intriguing is the case when chirality occurs upon supramolecular assembling processes starting from achiral building blocks, in the presence of a proper chiral bias [ 3 , 5 ].…”

“…More intriguing is the case when chirality occurs upon supramolecular assembling processes starting from achiral building blocks, in the presence of a proper chiral bias [ 3 , 5 ]. Many reports in the literature have pointed out the possibility of controlling the handedness of the final assemblies through chiral chemical [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] or physical stimuli [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. In such a context, porphyrins are good model systems to access a variety of supramolecular aggregates.…”