Chitosan Coatings Deliver Antimicrobials From Titanium Implants: A Preliminary Study

Norowski, Peter A.; Courtney, Harry S.; Babu, Jegdish; Haggard, Warren O.; Bumgardner, Joel D.

doi:10.1097/id.0b013e3182087ac4

Cited by 69 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Differences in molecular weight and chemical structure may affect retention and release of different antibiotics from phosphatidylcholine. Antibiotics released from coatings were confirmed to be active in inhibiting growth of microorganisms through turbidity and zone of inhibition assays with similar activity to other antimicrobial coatings [5,14,25,43,69]. Although effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and biofilm formation, several of the implant coating strategies have the limitation of requiring prefabrication [25,43] and chemical modification with specific preselected antibiotics [4,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Localized antimicrobial drug delivery systems, including biomaterial carrier matrices and coatings on implants, have become a focus to combat biofilm formation and infection for both preventive and treatment strategies [1,7,13,27,29,43,49,63,64]. We provide the initial description of a novel lipid-based material we have developed to serve as a carrier matrix for antibiotics that can be applied to an implant with clinician-selected antibiotics at the point of care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent developments have been focused on degradable and customizable local delivery strategies to ensure coverage of the wound, effective antibiotic elution, and minimization of secondary procedures [15,30,60]. These local delivery strategies include degradable sponges [50], injectable biomaterials [48,53,80], and coatings of antimicrobial molecules on implanted surfaces [25,30,43,66]. These materials vary in degradation rate and elution profile of antimicrobials and may require prefabrication to attach antimicrobial molecules or coating materials to implant surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Jennings

Carpenter

Troxel

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Orthopaedic biomaterials are susceptible to biofilm formation. A novel lipid-based material has been developed that may be loaded with antibiotics and applied as an implant coating at point of care. However, this material has not been evaluated for antibiotic elution, biofilm inhibition, or in vivo efficacy.Questions/purposes (1) Do antibiotic-loaded coatings inhibit biofilm formation? (2) Is the coating effective in preventing biofilm in vivo? Methods Purified phosphatidylcholine was mixed with 25% amikacin or vancomycin or a combination of 12.5% of both. A 7-day elution study for coated titanium and stainless steel coupons was followed by turbidity and zone of inhibition assays against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Coupons were inoculated with bacteria and incubated 24 hours (N = 4 for each test group). Microscopic images of biofilm were obtained. After washing and vortexing, attached bacteria were counted. A mouse biofilm model was modified to include coated and uncoated stainless steel wires inserted into the lumens of catheters inoculated with a mixture of S aureus or P aeruginosa. Colony-forming unit counts (N = 10) and scanning electron microscopy imaging of implants were used to determine antimicrobial activity. Results Active antibiotics with colony inhibition effects were eluted for up to 6 days. Antibiotic-loaded coatings inhibited biofilm formation on in vitro coupons (log-fold reductions of 4.3 ± 0.4 in S aureus and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa in phosphatidylcholine-only coatings, 5.6 ± 0 for S aureus and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa for combinationloaded coatings, 5.5 ± 0.3 for S aureus in vancomycinloaded coatings, and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa for amikacinloaded coatings (p \ 0.001 for all comparisons of antibiotic-loaded coatings against uncoated controls for both bacterial strains, p \ 0.001 for comparison of antibioticloaded coatings against phosphatidylcholine only for S aureus, p = 0.54 for comparison of vancomycin versus combination coating in S aureus, P = 0.99 for comparison of antibiotic-and unloaded phosphatidylcholine coatings in P aeruginosa). Similarly, antibiotic-loaded coatings reduced attachment of bacteria to wires in vivo (log-fold

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Jennings

Carpenter

Troxel

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

Self Cite

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“…25 In the release profile, even though the burst release existed in the first few days, the covalent bond coating could maintain Sema3A for 2 weeks in PBS, which was longer than the antimicrobial release described previously. 17 The difference might be explained by the fact that, not only the amine groups of chitosan but also of Sema3A have been covalently bonded to the active aldehyde groups during coating formulation. The release rate in lysozyme was much faster, which should be attributed to the degradation caused by lysozyme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 In addition, its amine groups could be covalently bonded to the hydroxyl group via silane glutaraldehyde coupling, which has been greatly explored to improve Ti surface bioactivity as well as antibiotic drug delivery, due to the simple procedure and strong binding strength on a Ti surface compared with a conventional adsorption process. [16][17][18] Hence, we hypothesize that chitosan film might also be an ideal carrier of Sema3A to formulate osteoinductive Ti coating via covalent bonding.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immobilization of chitosan film containing semaphorin 3A onto a microarc oxidized titanium implant surface via silane reaction to improve MG63 osteogenic differentiation

Fang¹,

Song²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Improving osseointegration of extensively used titanium (Ti) implants still remains a main theme in implantology. Recently, grafting biomolecules onto a Ti surface has attracted more attention due to their direct participation in the osseointegration process around the implant. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a new proven osteoprotection molecule and is considered to be a promising therapeutic agent in bone diseases, but how to immobilize the protein onto a Ti surface to acquire a long-term effect is poorly defined. In our study, we tried to use chitosan to wrap Sema3A (CS/Sema) and connect to the microarc oxidized Ti surface via silane glutaraldehyde coupling. The microarc oxidization could formulate porous topography on a Ti surface, and the covalently bonded coating was homogeneously covered on the ridges between the pores without significant influence on the original topography. A burst release of Sema3A was observed in the first few days in phosphate-buffered saline and could be maintained for >2 weeks. Coating in phosphate-buffered saline containing lysozyme was similar, but the release rate was much more rapid. The coating did not significantly affect cellular adhesion, viability, or cytoskeleton arrangement, but the osteogenic-related gene expression was dramatically increased and calcium deposition was also abundantly detected. In conclusion, covalent bonding of CS/Sema could strongly improve osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts and might be applied for Ti implant surface biofunctionalization.

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Electrical signals guided entrapment and controlled release of antibiotics on titanium surface

Shi

et al. 2012

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Electrical signals are used to trigger the entrapment and release of antibiotics on the surface of titanium plate. The entrapment of antibiotics relies on the electrochemically induced pH gradient generated at the titanium surface that allows the gelation of an aminopolysaccharide chitosan and codeposition of vancomycin, a common antibiotic, within chitosan gel. The release of vancomycin is controlled by an anodic signal imposed to the titanium plate that causes a pH decrease and erosion of chitosan gel. We show that the on demand entrapment and release of vancomycin at the surface of titanium plate is fundamentally altered and controlled by voltage. We expect that this rapid, mild and facile electrochemical process for antibiotics loading and release will find applications in controlled drug release from titanium implants.

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Chitosan Coatings Deliver Antimicrobials From Titanium Implants: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Immobilization of chitosan film containing semaphorin 3A onto a microarc oxidized titanium implant surface via silane reaction to improve MG63 osteogenic differentiation

Electrical signals guided entrapment and controlled release of antibiotics on titanium surface

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Chitosan Coatings Deliver Antimicrobials From Titanium Implants: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Immobilization of chitosan film containing semaphorin 3A onto a microarc oxidized titanium implant surface via silane reaction to improve MG63&nbsp;osteogenic differentiation

Electrical signals guided entrapment and controlled release of antibiotics on titanium surface

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Immobilization of chitosan film containing semaphorin 3A onto a microarc oxidized titanium implant surface via silane reaction to improve MG63 osteogenic differentiation