Chlorhexidine Hexametaphosphate As a Wound Care Material Coating: Antimicrobial efficacy, Toxicity and Effect on Healing

Barbour, Michele E; Maddocks, Sarah; Grady, Helena J; Roper, James A.; Bass, Mark D.; Collins, Andrew M.; Dommett, Rachel; Saunders, Margaret

doi:10.2217/nnm-2016-0084

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…CHX acts bactericidally by destroying bacteria cell membranes [27], and due to its antiseptic properties, it is mainly used in medicine and oral hygiene as a component in mouthwash [28]. Its antimicrobial effect in wound dressings, which was more significant for Grampositive bacteria, has also been confirmed by several studies [23,[29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Benefits of Polyamide Nanofibrous Materials: Antibacterial Activity and Retention Ability for Staphylococcus Aureus

et al. 2021

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Although nanomaterials are used in many fields, little is known about the fundamental interactions between nanomaterials and microorganisms. To test antimicrobial properties and retention ability, 13 electrospun polyamide (PA) nanomaterials with different morphology and functionalization with various concentrations of AgNO3 and chlorhexidine (CHX) were analyzed. Staphylococcus aureus CCM 4516 was used to verify the designed nanomaterials’ inhibition and permeability assays. All functionalized PAs suppressed bacterial growth, and the most effective antimicrobial nanomaterial was evaluated to be PA 12% with 4.0 wt% CHX (inhibition zones: 2.9 ± 0.2 mm; log10 suppression: 8.9 ± 0.0; inhibitory rate: 100.0%). Furthermore, the long-term stability of all functionalized PAs was tested. These nanomaterials can be stored at least nine months after their preparation without losing their antibacterial effect. A filtration apparatus was constructed for testing the retention of PAs. All of the PAs effectively retained the filtered bacteria with log10 removal of 3.3–6.8 and a retention rate of 96.7–100.0%. Surface density significantly influenced the retention efficiency of PAs (p ≤ 0.01), while the effect of fiber diameter was not confirmed (p ≥ 0.05). Due to their stability, retention, and antimicrobial properties, they can serve as a model for medical or filtration applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Benefits of Polyamide Nanofibrous Materials: Antibacterial Activity and Retention Ability for Staphylococcus Aureus

et al. 2021

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“…Elemental analysis for C, H, N and P was carried out by the University of Bristol microanalytical laboratory. Other properties of the CHX-HMP have been reported in earlier publications [12][13][14] CHXdg alginate films were prepared as for CHX-HMP films by dissolving the alginate in CHXdg solution diluted to the required concentration, instead of the CHX-HMP suspension, and these are referred to as X-CHXdg where X again represents the concentration of CHX-HMP that provides the equivalent concentration of CHX in the material. Disk shaped specimens (ø = 10 mm) were cut from theses material and used for subsequent work.…”

Section: Synthesis and Analysis Of Chx-hmpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alginate films augmented with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate particles provide sustained antimicrobial properties for application in wound care

Duckworth

Maddocks

Rahatekar

et al. 2020

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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All chronic wounds are colonised by bacteria; for some, colonisation progresses to become infection. Alginate wound dressings are used for highly exuding chronic wounds as they are very absorbent, taking up large quantities of exudate while maintaining a moist wound bed to support healing. Some alginate dressings are doped with antimicrobials, most commonly silver, but evidence regarding the efficacy of these is largely inconclusive. This manuscript describes the development and in vitro assessment of alginate materials doped with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate (CHX-HMP), a sparingly soluble salt which when exposed to aqueous environments provides sustained release of the common antiseptic chlorhexidine. Comparator materials were a commercial silver alginate dressing material and an alginate doped with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHXdg). CHX-HMP alginates provided a dose-dependent CHX release which was sustained for over 14 days, whereas CHXdg alginates released limited CHX and this ceased within 24 h. CHX-HMP and silver alginates were efficacious against 5 major wound pathogens (MRSA, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii) in a total viable count (TVC) and an agar diffusion zone of inhibition (ZOI) model. At baseline the silver alginate was more effective than the CHX-HMP alginate in the TVC assay but the CHX-HMP alginate was the more effective in the ZOI assay. After 7 days' artificial aging the CHX-HMP alginate was more effective than the silver alginate for four of the five bacteria tested in both assays. These materials may ultimately find application in the development of wound dressings for chronic wounds that provide sustained antimicrobial protection.

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“…It was claimed that CHX-HMP has advantages such as sustained antimicrobial efficacy and lower toxicity than CHX digluconate materials. 171 Recently, CHX hexametaphosphate nanoparticle was successfully added into conventional GICs and it has shown as to be an effective antimicrobial agent against a wide range of oral bacteria in a dose-dependent manner. However, the diametral tensile strength decreased with substitutions of 10% and 20% NPs into GICs.…”

Section: Chlorhexidinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the first time, Barbour et al reported the development of novel antimicrobial NPs based on a hexametaphosphate salt of CHX. It was claimed that CHX‐HMP has advantages such as sustained antimicrobial efficacy and lower toxicity than CHX digluconate materials . Recently, CHX hexametaphosphate nanoparticle was successfully added into conventional GICs and it has shown as to be an effective antimicrobial agent against a wide range of oral bacteria in a dose‐dependent manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of glass ionomer cements on their physical‐mechanical and antimicrobial properties

Ching

Luddin

Kannan

et al. 2018

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Objective The aim of this review was to provide an insight about the factors affecting the properties of glass ionomer cements and provides a review regarding studies that are related to modification of glass ionomer cements to improve their properties, particularly on physical‐mechanical and antimicrobial activity. Methods PubMed and Science Direct were searched for papers published between the years 1974 and 2018. The search was restricted to articles written in English related to modification of glass ionomer cements. Only articles published in peer‐reviewed journals were included. The search included literature reviews, in vitro, and in vivo studies. Articles written in other languages, without available abstracts and those related to other field were excluded. About 198 peer‐review articles in the English language were reviewed. Conclusion Based on the finding, most of the modification has improved physical‐mechanical properties of glass ionomer cements. Recently, researchers have attempted to improve their antimicrobial properties. However, the attempts were reported to compromise the physical‐mechanical properties of modified glass ionomer cements. Clinical significance As the modification of glass ionomer cement with different material improved the physical‐mechanical and antimicrobial properties, it could be used as restorative material for wider application in dentistry.

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Chlorhexidine Hexametaphosphate As a Wound Care Material Coating: Antimicrobial efficacy, Toxicity and Effect on Healing

Abstract: CHX-HMP could become a useful component of wound care materials with sustained antimicrobial efficacy, lower toxicity than chlorhexidine digluconate materials, and reduction in wound colonization without affecting closure.

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Benefits of Polyamide Nanofibrous Materials: Antibacterial Activity and Retention Ability for Staphylococcus Aureus

Benefits of Polyamide Nanofibrous Materials: Antibacterial Activity and Retention Ability for Staphylococcus Aureus

Alginate films augmented with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate particles provide sustained antimicrobial properties for application in wound care

Modification of glass ionomer cements on their physical‐mechanical and antimicrobial properties

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