Chloride regulates leaf cell size and water relations in tobacco plants

Franco-Navarro, Juan D.; Brumós, Javier; Rosales, Miguel A.; Cubero-Font, Paloma; Talón, Manuel; Colmenero‐Flores, José M.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erv502

“…The high Na 2 SO 4 treatment had the lowest total counts of significant metabolite changes in comparison with the high NaCl and KCl treatment, indicating a lower metabolic response to the Na 2 SO 4 treatment or, inversely, a higher response to Cl − . The uptake of the micronutrient Cl − at high environmental concentrations causes the accumulation of Cl − to amounts similar to that of a macronutrient (Franco‐Navarro et al, ). This was confirmed by the high Cl − concentrations in the leaves and roots of both cultivars (Figure ) and might also explain the high total counts of significant metabolites following the NaCl and KCl treatment in comparison with the Na 2 SO 4 treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion‐dependent metabolic responses of Vicia faba L. to salt stress

Richter

¹

,

Behr

²

,

Erban

³

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

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Salt-affected farmlands are increasingly burdened by chlorides, carbonates, and sulfates of sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Intriguingly, the underlying physiological processes are studied almost always under NaCl stress. Two faba bean cultivars were subjected to low- and high-salt treatments of NaCl, Na SO , and KCl. Assimilation rate and leaf water vapor conductance were reduced to approximately 25-30% without biomass reduction after 7 days salt stress, but this did not cause severe carbon shortage. The equimolar treatments of Na , K , and Cl showed comparable accumulation patterns in leaves and roots, except for SO which did not accumulate. To gain a detailed understanding of the effects caused by the tested ion combinations, we performed nontargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling. Metabolic responses to various salts were in part highly linearly correlated, but only a few metabolite responses were common to all salts and in both cultivars. At high salt concentrations, only myo-inositol, allantoin, and glycerophosphoglycerol were highly significantly increased in roots under all tested conditions. We discovered several metabolic responses that were preferentially associated with the presence of Na , K , or Cl . For example, increases of leaf proline and decreases of leaf fumaric acid and malic acid were apparently associated with Cl accumulation.

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“…In addition, the contribution of leaf anatomical disturbance to the decline in net CO 2 assimilation is also dependent on the degree of genotype tolerance. On the other hand, a recent work carried out by Franco-Navarro et al [106] proposes that chloride (Cl − ) plays a beneficial role as a nutrient in tobacco plants. These plants improve their leaf water balance with a decrease in transpiration associated with a reduction in stomatal conductance, which results in a decrease in water loss, an increase in the photosynthetic rate and improved water use efficiency.…”

Section: Leaf Anatomy and Ultrastructure Changes In Leaves Under Salimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Salt Stress: Adaptive Mechanisms

Acosta‐Motos

¹

,

Ortuño

²

,

Bernal‐Vicente

³

et al. 2017

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This review deals with the adaptive mechanisms that plants can implement to cope with the challenge of salt stress. Plants tolerant to NaCl implement a series of adaptations to acclimate to salinity, including morphological, physiological and biochemical changes. These changes include increases in the root/canopy ratio and in the chlorophyll content in addition to changes in the leaf anatomy that ultimately lead to preventing leaf ion toxicity, thus maintaining the water status in order to limit water loss and protect the photosynthesis process. Furthermore, we deal with the effect of salt stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence and some of the mechanisms thought to protect the photosynthetic machinery, including the xanthophyll cycle, photorespiration pathway, and water-water cycle. Finally, we also provide an updated discussion on salt-induced oxidative stress at the subcellular level and its effect on the antioxidant machinery in both salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive plants. The aim is to extend our understanding of how salinity may affect the physiological characteristics of plants.

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“…In addition, the contribution of leaf anatomical disturbance to the decline in net CO2 assimilation is also dependent on the degree of genotype tolerance. On the other hand, a recent work carried out by Franco-Navarro et al [97] proposes that chloride (Cl − ) plays a beneficial role as a nutrient in tobacco plants. These plants improve their leaf water balance with a decrease in transpiration associated with a reduction in stomatal conductance, which results in a decrease in water loss, an increase in the photosynthetic rate and improved water use efficiency.…”

Section: Leaf Anatomy and Ultrastructure Changes In Leaves Under Salimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Salt Stress: Adaptive Mechanisms

Acosta‐Motos¹,

Ortuño²,

Bernal‐Vicente³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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This review deals with the adaptive mechanisms that plants can implement to cope with the challenge of salt stress. Plants tolerant to NaCl implement a series of adaptations to acclimate to salinity, including morphological, physiological and biochemical changes. These changes include increases in the root/canopy ratio and in the chlorophyll content in addition to changes in the leaf anatomy that ultimately lead to preventing leaf ion toxicity, thus maintaining the water status in order to limit water loss and protect the photosynthesis process. Furthermore, we deal with the effect of salt stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence and some of the mechanisms thought to protect the photosynthetic machinery, including the xanthophyll cycle, photorespiration pathway, and water-water cycle. Finally, we also provide an updated discussion on salt-induced oxidative stress at the subcellular level and its effect on the antioxidant machinery in both salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive plants. The aim is to extend our understanding of how salinity may affect the physiological characteristics of plants.

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Chloride regulates leaf cell size and water relations in tobacco plants

Abstract: HighlightChloride is actively taken up and accumulated to macronutrient levels in higher plants, leading to adaptive functions that improve growth and water relations, acting as a beneficial macronutrient.

Cited by 143 publications

References 77 publications

Ion‐dependent metabolic responses of Vicia faba L. to salt stress

Ion‐dependent metabolic responses of Vicia faba L. to salt stress

Plant Responses to Salt Stress: Adaptive Mechanisms

Plant Responses to Salt Stress: Adaptive Mechanisms

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