Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the blubber of a seal (Phoca caspica) from the Caspian Sea

Vetted, Walter; Natzeck, C.; Luckas, Bernd; Heidemann, G.; Kiabi, Bahram H.; Mahmoud, Karami

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(95)00054-c

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Details of the procedure can be obtained from literature [14,15] . In this procedure, 100 g of samples was mixed with 20 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate.…”

Section: Extraction and Clean-up Procedures For Dropping-amended Soil mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in the eggs and dropping-amended soil of Antarctic large animals and its ecological significance

Zhang

Wang²,

et al. 2007

SCI CHINA SER D

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Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) are analyzed for the dropping-amended soils from the habitats of Antarctic seabirds and seals in Fildes Peninsula and ArdleyIsland. The concentration ranges are 0.21 to 3.85 ng/g for polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCBs), 0.09 to 2.01 ng/g for organochlorine pesticides (ΣDDT), and 0.06 to 0.76 ng/g for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). Among these, hepatachlorobiphenyls, hexachlorobiphenyls, p,p′-DDE and α-HCH compounds are dominant. The concentration ranges of ΣPCB, DDT and HCH in the eggs of skuas were 91.9-515.5 ng/g, 56.6-304.4 ng/g and 0.5-2.0 ng/g respectively; those in the eggs of penguins were 0.4-0.9 ng/g, 2.4-10.3 ng/g and 0.1-0.4 ng/g; and those in the eggs of giant petrel were 38.1-81.7 ng/g, 12.7-53.7 ng/g and 0.5-1.5 ng/g respectively. The dominant POP compounds in the eggs are PCB180, PCB153, p,p′-DDE and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). The present study shows that the concentration of POPs in the seabird-inhabited-dropping-amended soil varies with the extent of predation and nest occupancy of different seabird populations. Statistical analysis on the POP concentrations from the different seabird eggs implies that the difference in the bio-concentration levels of the birds depends on the bio-habits of the species, such as the range of activity, distance of immigration, feeding pattern, and nest occupation. Among these, the most important factor is the location of the seabirds in the food chain and their feeding pattern. This shows that POPs accumulated in the seabirds resulted from the bio-concentration through the food chain. In addtion, 210 Pb dating for the dropping-amended soils (AD1-a and AD2) was performed, which provided the POP accumulation rate and the historic record for the soil profile. It indicates that POP will continuously affect the Antarctic ecosystem for a long time.

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“…Details of the procedure can be obtained from literature [14,15] . In this procedure, 100 g of samples was mixed with 20 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate.…”

Section: Extraction and Clean-up Procedures For Dropping-amended Soil mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in the eggs and dropping-amended soil of Antarctic large animals and its ecological significance

Zhang

Wang²,

et al. 2007

SCI CHINA SER D

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“…The system has recently been described in detail [8,24]. The response factors of CTTs by the ECD are very similar [25,26].…”

Section: Nomenclature Of Cttsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clean-up procedure was identical to the method previously described in detail for the determination of organochlorine compounds [8,24]. Briefly, after addition of 200 ng of the recovery standard aaeaae-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (e-HCH), 5 g fatty…”

Section: Sample Clean-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The n-hexane layer was repeatedly treated with sulfuric acid. Finally, the remaining fat matrix (< 75 rag) was separated according to the method of Steinwandter and Schltiter [27] which was slightly modified: quantitative elution of CTTs and all HCH isomers was achieved on 3 g silica gel (Kieselgel 60, Merck, Germany) deactivated with 30 % water (w/w) and elution with 60 mL n-hexane [24]. The volume of purified sample extracts was reduced to 2 mL and half (1 mL) subjected to GC-ECNI-MS analysis.…”

Section: Nomenclature Of Cttsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congener specific determination of compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) in different antarctic seal species

1997

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“…Nevertheless, the majority of organochlorines used in agriculture are also washed off the land into rivers, thence to the sea, or directly into the sea via outfalls or run-off. There is substantial information concerning contamination in many industrialised countries, and a number of studies have been conducted regarding organochlorine contamination in Eastern Europe, Asia (Iwata et al 1994a(Iwata et al , 1995Vetter et al 1995;Nakata et al 1997;Tanabe et al 1997a) and the Black Sea (Fillmann et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic metal (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) and organochlorine residue levels in hake (Merluccius merluccius) from the Marmara Sea, Turkey

Aksu

Balkıs

Taşkın

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Toxic metals (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) and organochlorine residue levels were measured in hake (Merluccius merluccius) from the Marmara Sea. Biota samples were collected by a trawling cruise of the R/V ARAR in August and December 2009. The concentrations of toxic metals varied between Pb, 3.23-14.4; Cd, <0.01-2.14; Hg, 0.01-0.18 and As, 0.01-0.21 [Formula: see text]g g(-1) dry wt. Pb levels in the Marmara Sea were found to be higher than the critical limits set by the both Turkish Ministry of Environment for Aquatic Products (1 μg g(-1) wet wt.) and European countries (2.0 μg g(-1), UNEP 1985). In contrast, As and Hg levels were found to be lower than the critical limits for two periods. Cd contents of fish from the Marmara Sea were also comparable to or slightly lower than contents of fish from the Southern Black Sea Shelf. The results of organochlorine residues ranged between total HCH, <0.05 and 99 ng g(-1); endrin, <0.001 and 381 ng g(-1); alpha-endosulphan, <0.05 and 90 ng g(-1); beta-endosulphan, <0.05 and 15.3 ng g(-1); o,p DDE, 3.5 and 52.4 ng g(-1); p,p DDE, 7.4 and 139 ng g(-1); o,p DDD, 1.5 and 90.2 ng g(-1) and p,p DDD, 2.7 and 86 ng g(-1) wet weight. The rivers for the distribution of organochlorine levels in the Marmara Sea ordered from highest to lowest as Dil R. > Susurluk R. > Biga R. > Gönen R. The high levels of o,p and p,p DDE, and o,p and p,p DDD compounds, which are metabolites of DDT, indicate its illegal use. Toxic metal and organochlorine residue levels of fish are significantly higher than levels from the Mediterranean Sea.

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Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the blubber of a seal (Phoca caspica) from the Caspian Sea

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in the eggs and dropping-amended soil of Antarctic large animals and its ecological significance

Occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in the eggs and dropping-amended soil of Antarctic large animals and its ecological significance

Congener specific determination of compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) in different antarctic seal species

Toxic metal (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) and organochlorine residue levels in hake (Merluccius merluccius) from the Marmara Sea, Turkey

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