Chloroform Interaction with Chlordecone and Mirex: Correlation between Biochemical and Histological Indices of Toxicity and Quantitative Tissue Levels

Atsdr Evaluation of Health Effects of Chemicals

“…No metabolite of mirex was detected in the tissues (Mehendale et al, 1972). The repetitive administration of 10 mg/kg mirex to rats resulted in an accumulation of mirex in several tissues (plasma, liver, kidney, fat), with more accumulating in the fat tissue (Plaa et al, 1987). Following oral administration of 1 mg/kg 14C_mirex to a female rhesus monkey, the 14C-mirex was distributed to the tissues .…”

“…The changes observed in livers include both adaptive and toxic effects. The adaptive effects observed are those generally produced by halogenated hydrocarbons; these include increase in liver weight or size (Gaines and Kimbrough, 1970;Mehendale et al, 1973;Abston and Yarbrough, 1976;Davison et al, 1976;Chadwick et al, 1977;Fulfs et al, 1977;Villeneuve et al, 1977;Robinson and Yarbrough, 1978a,c;Warren et al, 1978;Hewitt et al, 1979;Larson et al, 1979a;Pittz et al, 1979;Chu et al, 1980bChu et al, , 1981aMehendale, 1981b;Robacker et al, 1981;Yarbrough et al, 1981Yarbrough et al, , 1984Yarbrough et al, , 1986aYarbrough et al, ,b, 1992Ritchie and Ho, 1982;Chambers and Trevethan, 1983;Ervin and Yarbrough, 1983;Fujimori et al, 1983;Williams and Yarbrough, 1983;Curtis and Hoyt, 1984;Karl and Yarbrough, 1984;Jovanovich et al, 1987;Plaa et al, 1987;Purushotham et al, 1988;Wilson and Yarbrough, 1988;Elgin et al, 1990;Teo and Vore, 1991;Thottassery and Yarbrough, 1991 ). Other effects observed include hepatocellular hypertrophy (Gaines and Kimbrough, 1970;Davison et al, 1976;Fulfs et al, 1977;Ulland et al, 1977a;…”

“…(1) increases in serum alanine and/or aspartate aminotransferase in mice following gavage doses of 30 mg/kg/day for two days (Fouse and Hodgson, 1987), and in rats after two doses of 120 mg/kg on a single day (Mitra et al, 1990); (2) periportal liposis and degeneration of the endoplasmic reticulum after a single oral dose of 200 mg/kg in rats (Kendall, 1979); (3) increased hepatic lipids or decreased hepatic glutathione or glucocorticoid receptors after single oral doses of 100 mg/kg in rats (Ervin and Yarbrough, 1983;Thottassery and Yarbrough, 1991;Sunahara and Chiesa, 1992); (4) swollen hepatocytes after three days of exposure of rats to 10 mg/kg/day (Plaa et al, 1987); (5) increased hepatic lipid in rats after seven days of exposure at 2 mg/kg/day; (6) increased serum triglycerides after four days of exposure of rats to 1,000 mg/kg/day (Jovanovich et al, 1987); and (7) increased vacuolization with a loss of basophilic staining in mice after a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg/day (Hewitt et al, 1979).…”

“…Single oral doses of 5 mg/kg in rats were without effect on hepatobiliary excretion (Davis and Mehendale, 1980). Single oral doses of up to 50 mg/kg were without other adverse effects as determined by histopathological analyses and/or determination of serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (Iijima et al, 1983;Klingensmith and Mehendale, 1983b;Glende and Lee, 1985;Plaa et al, 1987).…”

“…Although increases in blood urea nitrogen and kidney weight were observed following a tenday exposure of rats to 10 mg/kg/day of chlordecone (EPA, 1986c), no effect on rat kidney weight or blood urea nitrogen, and no adverse histopathological findings were reported following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg or three doses of 10 mg/kg/day (Plaa et al, 1987). Similarly, in mice, no effect on kidney weight, blood urea nitrogen, or ion exchange in the kidneys, and no adverse histopathological findings were reported following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg (Hewitt et al, 1979).…”