Chlorogenic acid improves growth performance and intestinal health through autophagy-mediated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway in oxidatively stressed broilers induced by dexamethasone

Sodium acetate/sodium butyrate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced diarrhea in mice via regulating the gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant levels, and NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling

“…An obvious decrease in villus height, increase in crypt depth, and lowered villus height to crypt depth ratio were uncovered in group C, while interestingly, sodium acetate/sodium butyrate supplementation could significantly increase the villus height, decrease the crypt depth, and increase the villus height to crypt depth ratio in both jejunum and ileum, especially in groups B and A ( Figures 1C,D ). The current results demonstrated that sodium acetate/sodium butyrate could improve intestinal integrity deteriorated by LPS, as intestinal barrier integrity is considered an important indicator of intestinal health ( Liu H. et al, 2022 ). The current results may reveal that sodium acetate/sodium butyrate supplementation is a hopeful and effective method to alleviate diarrhea in animals.…”

Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on intestinal barrier function and the inflammatory response in broilers during lipopolysaccharide-induced immune stress

“…The impaired growth performance of LPS-challenged broilers is attributable to reduced appetite and repartitioning of nutrients to improve immune system development ( Spurlock, 1997 ) which consequently releases fewer nutrients for chicken growth. It was reported that dietary supplementation with CGA increased the ADG and decreased the feed: gain ratio in broilers challenged with the synthetic glucocorticoid DEX ( Liu et al, 2022b ). Dietary CGA supplementation also may improve the performance of broilers infected with C. perfringens type A by increasing ADG and reducing FCR ( Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Here, intraperitoneal injection of LPS decreased expression of the mRNA for CLDN2 in the duodenum and ileum at different timepoints. Under stress situation, dietary supplementation with CGA (0.5 g/kg) increased expression of OCLN in the ileum of DEX-challenged broilers ( Liu et al, 2022b ). Conversely, dietary CGA supplementation had no effect on OCLN expression in the duodenum of heat-stressed broilers ( Chen et al, 2021 ) which may reflect differences in the species of chicken, the type of stress, and the CGA dosage.…”

Effects of dietary supplementation with chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and hepatic inflammation in broiler chickens subjected to diquat-induced oxidative stress

“…Although body weight was similar among groups in experiment 2, dietary administration with CGA, regardless of its dosage, increased BWR of DQ-treated birds, indicating that CGA was able to reverse body weight loss in birds subjected to DQ-induced oxidative stress. In a dexamethasone-induced oxidative stress model, Liu et al (2022b) recently noted that CGA administration at a level of 500 mg/kg was effective in improving weight gain of oxidatively stressed broilers, which has been shown to be linked with its in vivo antioxidant characteristic. The improvement in growth performance has also been reported in broiler chickens under heat stress-induced oxidative stress, when supplementing 1,000 mg/kg of CGA-enriched extract from Eucommia ulmoides leaves to a basal diet ( Zhao et al, 2019 ).…”

“…Moreover, CGA administration could also effectively mitigate hepatic and intestinal oxidative stress in rodent animals by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and upregulating its target antioxidant gene expression ( Shi et al, 2016 ; Zhou et al, 2016a ; Shi et al, 2018 ; Wei et al, 2018 ; Xue et al, 2019 ). As for broiler chickens, dietary administration with CGA has been reported to improve intestinal antioxidant status in oxidatively stressed broilers induced by dexamethasone through regulating autophagy-mediated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway ( Liu et al, 2022b ). A CGA-enriched extract from Eucommia ulmoides leaves has also been found to alleviate heat stress-induced oxidative stress in broiler chickens by activating antioxidant defense system ( Zhao et al, 2019 ).…”