Chlorophenols in lake bottom sediments: A retrospective study of drinking water contamination

Lampi, Pentti; Tolonen, Kimmo; Vartiainen, Terttu; Tuomisto, Jouko

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(92)90235-j

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Isosaari et al (2002) reported that PCB sum concentrations in sediments (Lake Ahmasjärvi, Finland) ranged from 50 to 2,540 ng/kg dw (Table 13). They concluded that the PCB sum concentrations in sediments were in the same range as those measured in lake sediments from northern Finland (3.0-5.6 ng/kg dw) (Vartiainen et al 1997), southern Finland (sum of 8 congeners 5-20 ng/kg dw) (Lampi et al 1992) and Canada (2.4-39 ng/kg dw) (Muir et al 1996). The cleanest subsamples taken from Lake Ahmasjärvi were as clean as the lake sediments from Antarctica (Fuoco et al 1994).…”

Section: Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

Srogi

2007

Environ Chem Lett

180

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The term ''dioxins'' is often used in a confusing way. In toxicological considerations-and also in the present report-the term is used to designate the PCDDs, the PCDFs and the coplanar (''dioxin-like'') PCBs, since these classes of compounds show the same type of toxicity. Because of the large number of congeners, relevant individual congeners are assigned with a toxic equivalency factor (TEF) that relate their toxicity to that of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (2,3,7,8-TCDD) and are to be evaluated as dioxins. Each concentration of an individual congener in a mixture is multiplied with its TEF, and the resulting TCDD equivalents are added up and expressed as WHO-endorsed toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQ). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are mainly the by-products of industrial processes (such as metallurgical processing, bleaching of paper pulp, and the manufacturing of some herbicides and pesticides) but they can also result from natural processes like volcanic eruptions and forest fires. Waste incineration, particularly if combustion is incomplete, is among the largest contributors to the release of PCDDs and PCDFs into the environment. Due to their persistence, PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs are part of the socalled persistent organic pollutants group of compounds that also include some chlorinated pesticides. Since they have a high lipophilicity and resist transformation, they bio-accumulate in animal and human adipose tissues. Consumption of food is considered as the major source of non-occupational human exposure to PCDD/Fs with foodstuffs from animal origin accounting for more than 90% of the human body burden. With meat, dairy, and fish products being the main contributors. The aim of the present review was to summarize experimental data regarding dioxin emissions from contaminated and uncontaminated biological and environmental samples, from the available literature. The information will be presented chronologically with respect to distribution in human milk, serum; food, water, air, soils and sediments.

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Section: Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

Srogi

2007

Environ Chem Lett

180

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“…Groundwater adjacent to a sawmill was found to contain up to 190 mg of chlorophenols l -1 (Lampi et al 1990). The stratification of chlorophenols in sediments of a nearby lake receiving a flow of groundwater indicated that chlorophenol pollution had been occurring for at least 25 years (Lampi et al 1992). This groundwater aquifer offered an opportunity for studying the responses of a groundwater microbial community to a severe, long-term exposure to chlorophenols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diversity of chlorophenol-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated boreal groundwater

Männistö¹,

Tiirola

Salkinoja‐Salonen

et al. 1999

Archives of Microbiology

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Chlorophenol-degrading bacteria from a long-term polluted groundwater aquifer were characterized. All isolates degraded 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol at concentrations detected in the contaminated groundwater (< 10 mg 1(-1)). Pentachlorophenol was degraded by three isolates when present alone. In two gram-positive isolates, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol was required as an inducer for the degradation of pentachlorophenol. The gram-positive isolates were sensitive to pentachlorophenol, with an IC50 value of 5 mg/l. Isolates belonging to the Cytophaga/Flexibacter/Bacteroides phylum had IC50 values of 25 and 63 mg/l. Isolates belonging to alpha-, beta- and gamma-Proteobacteria generally tolerated the highest pentachlorophenol concentrations (> 100 mg/l). Polychlorophenol-degrading capacity was found in strains of Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Flavobacterium, and Caulobacter previously not known to degrade polychlorophenols. In addition, six polychlorophenol-degrading sphingomonads were found.

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“…This type of xenobiotic compounds are toxic and carcinogenic [3,4] and have no natural ways of remediation, so chlorophenols persist in the environment and can produce both adverse ecological effects and severe impacts on public health [5]. The main advantages of HDC compared to other techniques of potential application have been reported in the literature [6][7][8] and can be summarized in the ability to treat a wide range of concentrations, the operation at mild conditions and the low reagents demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of size and oxidation state of size-controlled rhodium nanoparticles on the aqueous-phase hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol

Baeza

Calvo

Gilarranz

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Chlorophenols in lake bottom sediments: A retrospective study of drinking water contamination

Cited by 41 publications

References 18 publications

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and human samples: a review

Diversity of chlorophenol-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated boreal groundwater

Effect of size and oxidation state of size-controlled rhodium nanoparticles on the aqueous-phase hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol

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