Chloroplast mRNA 3′ end processing requires a nuclear-encoded RNA-binding protein.

Schuster, Gadi; Gruissem, Wilhelm

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07669.x

Cited by 181 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…All this has been taken as evidence that cpRNPs have no distinct binding sites on RNAs but rather associate nonspecifically with any ribosome-free RNA in the chloroplast (17). Specific members of the cpRNP family were implied in vitro in 3Ј-end processing of chloroplast mRNAs (19,20), in general mRNA stability (12), and in RNA editing (7). Only CP29A from Arabidopsis has been analyzed genetically (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs

Tillich

Hardel

Kupsch

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

100

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Chloroplast ribonucleoproteins (cpRNPs) are nuclear-encoded, highly abundant, and light-regulated RNA binding proteins. They have been shown to be involved in chloroplast RNA processing and stabilization in vitro and are phylogenetically related to the well-described heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). cpRNPs have been found associated with mRNAs present in chloroplasts and have been regarded as nonspecific stabilizers of chloroplast transcripts. Here, we demonstrate that null mutants of the cpRNP family member CP31A exhibit highly specific and diverse defects in chloroplast RNA metabolism. First, analysis of cp31a and cp31a/cp31b double mutants uncovers that these 2 paralogous genes participate nonredundantly in a combinatorial fashion in processing a subset of chloroplast editing sites in vivo. Second, a genome-wide analysis of chloroplast transcript accumulation in cp31a mutants detected a virtually complete loss of the chloroplast ndhF mRNA and lesser reductions for specific other mRNAs. Fluorescence analyses show that the activity of the NADH dehydrogenase complex, which also includes the NdhF subunit, is defective in cp31a mutants. This indicates that cpRNPs are important in vivo for calibrating the expression levels of specific chloroplast mRNAs and impact chloroplast physiology. Taken together, the specificity and combinatorial aspects of cpRNP functions uncovered suggest that these chloroplast proteins are functional equivalents of nucleocytosolic hnRNPs.Arabidopsis ͉ RNA binding ͉ RNA editing

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs

Tillich

Hardel

Kupsch

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

100

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“…These defects suggest that the normal Hcf5 gene function is involved in both the processing and the stability of selected chloroplast transcripts. Because these processes have been shown to be mediated in vitro by proteins interacting with the 3' end of the mRNA (Schuster and Gruissem, 1991;Hayes et al, 1996), RNA blots from hcf5 and normal siblings were probed with Arabidopsis genes for two of these proteins, 28RNP (Schuster and Gruissem, 1991;S. Abrahamson, personal communication) and 33RBP (Cheng et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lowered levels of the vbcL transcript could be an indirect effect of a decrease in translation, because it has been shown that in spinach this mRNA is highly sensitive to changes in chloroplast translation and processing (Klaff and Gruissem, 1991;Schuster and Gruissem, 1991 (Barkan, 1993). It h a s been suggested that this message, b u t not other chloroplast messages, was destabilized when not associated with ribosomes (Barkan, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

hcf5, a Nuclear Photosynthetic Electron Transport Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana with a Pleiotropic Effect on Chloroplast Gene Expression

et al. 1997

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A photosynthetic mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, hcf5, was isolated by screening M, seedlings for high chlorophyll fluorescence. Thylakoid morphology was strikingly abnormal, with large grana stacks and almost no stroma lamellae. Fluorescence induction kinetics, activity assays, and immunoblotting showed that photosystem II was absent. Polypeptides of the photosystem I complex, the Cyt b d f complex, coupling factor, and the large subunit of ribulose-1,s-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase were also severely depleted. However, the nuclear-encoded chlorophyll a/b lightharvesting complex polypeptides were unaffected. The rbcL transcript was present at very low levels, the pattern of transcripts from the polycistronic psbB-psbH-petB-petD operon was abnormal, and the mature psbH message was almost completely lacking. This suggests that the hcf5 locus may encode a product required for the correct expression of several chloroplast genes.

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“…It is possible that inverted repeats present at the 3' untranslated end of proteincoding transcription units may play a role as processing signals. They have been shown to be involved in mRNA processing and binding of plastid proteins in vitro (28,31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Posttranscriptional processing (28,31) and/or translational arrest (6,16) are the most probable targets of specific gene expression control in plastids. The nature of the differential factors (and their mechanisms of action) that determine the phenotypic properties of each particular plastid population remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Transcription and Stable RNA Accumulation in Plastids during the Conversion of Chloroplasts to Chromoplasts in Ripening Tomato Fruits

Maraño¹,

Carrillo²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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The size distribution of plastid transcripts during chromoplast differentiation in ripening tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) fruits was determined using northern blot analysis. Hybridization of total cellular RNA from leaves and fruits with several tobacco chloroplast DNA probes showed distinct transcript patterns in chloroplasts and chromoplasts. We also compared transcriptional rates by probing immobilized DNA fragments of small size (representing about 85% of the plastid genome) with run-on transcripts from tomato plastids. The relative rates of transcription of the various DNA regions were very similar in chloro-and chromoplasts. Parallel determination of the steady-state levels of plastid RNA showed no strict correlation between synthesis rate and RNA accumulation. Differences in the relative abundance of transcripts between chloro-and chromoplasts were not very pronounced and were limited to a small number of genes. The results indicate that the conversion of chloroplasts to chromoplasts at the onset of tomato fruit ripening proceeds with no important variations in the relative transcription rates and with only moderate changes in the relative stability of plastid-encoded transcripts.The development of higher plants involves a set of cellular processes, spatially and temporally triggered, that results in a multicellular organism with diversification into organs, tissues, and cells adapted to a range of functions. The parallel adaptation of plastids, largely achieved by increasing control of gene expression, is so clearly associated with variation in cell types that studies of the two must be coupled together.The best-studied function of plastids is the photosynthetic fixation of atmospheric CO2 in chloroplasts of green tissues. In developing plants, chloroplasts derive from small proplastids present in meristematic cells or from etioplasts in seedlings grown in the dark. Proplastids and chloroplasts can also differentiate into several specialized plastid types that assume

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Chloroplast mRNA 3′ end processing requires a nuclear-encoded RNA-binding protein.

Cited by 181 publications

References 25 publications

Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs

Chloroplast ribonucleoprotein CP31A is required for editing and stability of specific chloroplast mRNAs

hcf5, a Nuclear Photosynthetic Electron Transport Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana with a Pleiotropic Effect on Chloroplast Gene Expression

Constitutive Transcription and Stable RNA Accumulation in Plastids during the Conversion of Chloroplasts to Chromoplasts in Ripening Tomato Fruits

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