Choroidal Neovascularization Can Digest Bruch's Membrane

Heriot, Wilson; Henkind, Paul; Bellhorn, Roy W.; Burns, M. S.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(84)34112-4

Cited by 89 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recent studies of the molecular composition of drusen have implicated local inflammation as a key element in the pathogenesis of AMD (153)(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159). Drusen contain numerous proteins related to the process of inflammation or its aftermath (106,(160)(161)(162)(163).…”

Section: Inflammation and Amdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related macular degeneration—emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts

et al. 2006

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Today, the average life expectancy in developed nations is over 80 years and climbing. And yet, the quality of life during those additional years is often significantly diminished by the effects of age-related, degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly worldwide. AMD is characterized by a progressive loss of central vision attributable to degenerative and neovascular changes in the macula, a highly specialized region of the ocular retina responsible for fine visual acuity. Estimates gathered from the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) global eye disease survey conservatively indicate that 14 million persons are blind or severely visually impaired because of AMD. The disease has a tremendous impact on the physical and mental health of the geriatric population and their families and is becoming a major public health burden.Currently, there is neither a cure nor a means to prevent AMD. Palliative treatment options for the less prevalent, late-stage 'wet' form of the disease include anti-neovascular agents, photodynamic therapy and thermal laser. There are no current therapies for the more common 'dry' AMD, except for the use of antioxidants that delay progression in 20%-25% of eyes. New discoveries, however, are beginning to provide a much clearer picture of the relevant cellular events, genetic factors, and biochemical processes associated with early AMD. Recently, compelling evidence has emerged that the innate immune system and, more specifically, uncontrolled regulation of the complement alternative pathway plays a central role in the pathobiology of AMD. The complement Factor H gene-which encodes the major inhibitor of the complement alternative pathway-is the first gene identified in multiple independent studies that confers a significant genetic risk for the development of AMD. The emergence of this new paradigm of AMD pathogenesis should hasten the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this disease that will dramatically improve the quality of our prolonged lifespan.

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Section: Inflammation and Amdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related macular degeneration—emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts

et al. 2006

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“…Apparent inflammatory cells were not present at the time points studied. Factors from the choroid can do [33], but in this specific situation the interaction is by far unclear. Again, the RPE might play some role but there is no further evidence in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinochoroidal anastomoses in RCS rat eyes?

May¹

2017

Histol Cytol Embryol

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The Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) dystrophic rat is an established model for retinal degeneration due to retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction. In the present study anastomoses from retinal neovascularizations towards venules of the choroid could be demonstrated by scanning electron-and light microscopy. They develop some time after retinal degeneration showing most contacts at 6 months of age. As a self-limiting process, the number decreased in older animals.

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“…The observations described herein are derived from normal rats that received the tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or rats exhibiting retinal lesions due to excessive fluorescent light [7] or krypton laser burns [8]. The HRP was injected intravenously (300 mg/kg body weight, in saline; Sigma type II) 15 min prior to enucleation and immersion of the eye in the fixative described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This report describes some simple but ad vantageous applications of HVEM to our studies of the normal and reactive RPE and choriocapillaris: the discovery of intracytoplasmic tubules in RPE cells and the exami nation of choriocapillary endothelial pro cesses during neovascularization [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Voltage Electron Microscopy in Eye Research

Korte¹,

Heriot²,

Pollack³

1986

Ophthalmic Res

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The high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM) permits examination of sections much thicker (up to 1 μm) than those usually used in transmission electron microscopy, which are approximately 70 nm in thickness. Two examples of the utility of the HVEM in research on the ultrastructure of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris are given: the identification of intracytoplasmic tubules that arise from the basal plasma membrane of rat RPE cells; and the tracing of processes arising from choriocapillary endo-thelial cells during experimentally induced neovascularization. In each case HVEM provided information not easily obtained in routine thin sections.

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Choroidal Neovascularization Can Digest Bruch's Membrane

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

Age‐related macular degeneration—emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts

Age‐related macular degeneration—emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts

Retinochoroidal anastomoses in RCS rat eyes?

High-Voltage Electron Microscopy in Eye Research

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