“…It has been observed that TiO 2 films doped with copper [11][12][13], iron [14,15], chromium [16,17], carbon [18,19], nitrogen [20,21] and bismuth [22] improve their properties as photocatalysts in the visible region. However, the antibacterial properties of TiO 2 not only depend on dopants but also other parameters such as crystalline nature, crystalline size, phase composition, chemical composition and synthesis methodology [23].…”