Chromium Stress Mitigation by Polyamine-Brassinosteroid Application Involves Phytohormonal and Physiological Strategies in Raphanus sativus L.

Pal, Sikander; Kanwar, Mukesh Kumar; Bhardwaj, Renu; Yu, Jingquan; Tran, Lam‐Son Phan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033210

Cited by 165 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…However, in the 200 mg L −1 Fe 2 O 3 treatment, POD and SOD activities were not significantly different than the control. This trend in transgenic rice is similar to previous work that revealed that abiotic stress stimulates or promotes enzyme activities at low concentration, and suppresses enzyme activities at high concentrations (Choudhary et al 2012;Yan and Tam 2013). However, this response in enzyme activities was not observed in nontransgenic rice; SOD and POD activities and MDA content varied slightly but not significantly among treatments.…”

Section: Antioxidant Responses Of Rice To Fe 2 O 3 Npssupporting

confidence: 89%

Response difference of transgenic and conventional rice (Oryza sativa) to nanoparticles (γFe2O3)

Gui

Deng

Rui

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are an increasingly common contaminant in agro-environments, and their potential effect on genetically modified (GM) crops has been largely unexplored. GM crop exposure to NPs is likely to increase as both technologies develop. To better understand the implications of nanoparticles on GM plants in agriculture, we performed a glasshouse study to quantify the uptake of Fe2O3 NPs on transgenic and non-transgenic rice plants. We measured nutrient concentrations, biomass, enzyme activity, and the concentration of two phytohormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Root phytohormone inhibition was positively correlated with Fe2O3 NP concentrations, indicating that Fe2O3 had a significant influence on the production of these hormones. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher as a factor of low Fe2O3 NP treatment concentration and significantly lower at high NP concentrations, but only among transgenic plants. There was also a positive correlation between the treatment concentration of Fe2O3 and iron accumulation, and the magnitude of this effect was greatest among non-transgenic plants. The differences in root phytohormone production and antioxidant enzyme activity between transgenic and non-transgenic rice plants in vivo suggests that GM crops may react to NP exposure differently than conventional crops. It is the first study of NPs that may have an impact on GM crops, and a realistic significance for food security and food safety.

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Section: Antioxidant Responses Of Rice To Fe 2 O 3 Npssupporting

confidence: 89%

Response difference of transgenic and conventional rice (Oryza sativa) to nanoparticles (γFe2O3)

Gui

Deng

Rui

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The relationship between PAs and thiols has not yet been considered from this aspect. In contrast, SPD applied in combination with Cr increased the GSH and PC content in radish, but did not lead to normal biomass [12]. As PCs are synthesized from GSH, the cells need to replace the GSH utilized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…After combined SPM+Cd treatment, the thiol and PC content and the GSH synthase activity decreased in the roots of Cd-treated Canavalia lineatan plants and an additional PC was detected with lower affinity for Cd [11]. In contrast, the mitigation of Cr stress by SPD treatment in radish was related to increased GSH and PC contents [12]. The situation is also complicated by the fact that cysteine (Cys) is a common precursor for the synthesis of GSH, and thus PCs, and for the formation of Sadenosylmethionine (SAM), which is necessary for the synthesis of higher PAs (SPD and SPM) from PUT (Suppl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Polyamines may influence phytochelatin synthesis during Cd stress in rice

Pál

Csávás

Szalai

et al. 2017

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Highlights Putrescine pre-treatment increased cadmium toxicity in rice.  In contrast, putrescine synthesis inhibition alleviated cadmium stress.  The synthesis of higher polyamines and phytochelatins is antagonistically related.  Putrescine may decrease phytochelatin synthesis at enzymatic and gene expression levels. Although the metabolism of phytochelatins and higher polyamines are linked with each other, the direct relationship between them under heavy metal stress has not yet been clarified. Two approaches were used to reveal the influence of polyamine content on cadmium stress responses, particularly with regard to phytochelatin synthesis: putrescine pre-treatment of rice 2 plants followed by cadmium stress, and treatment with the putrescine synthesis inhibitor, 2-(difluoromethyl)ornithine combined with cadmium treatment. The results indicated that putrescine pre-treatment enhanced the adverse effect of cadmium, while the application of 2-(difluoromethyl)ornithine reduced it to a certain extent. These differences were associated with increased polyamine content, more intensive polyamine metabolism, but decreased thiol and phytochelatin contents. The gene expression level and enzyme activity of phytochelatin synthase also decreased in rice treated with putrescine prior to cadmium stress, compared to cadmium treatment alone. In contrast, the inhibition of putrescine synthesis during cadmium treatment resulted in higher gene expression level of phytochelatin synthase. The results suggest that polyamines may have a substantial influence on phytochelatin synthesis at several levels under cadmium stress in rice. Abstract

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“…ROS production is activated during biotic and abiotic stresses, including pathogen attack, excess light, osmotic stress, heavy metal stress, and herbicides. ROS act as important second messengers for stress-responsive signal transduction pathways [41,[72][73][74][75][76]. Various water stress-responsive genes, including ROS-related genes, were consistently upregulated in Arabidopsis RPK1-overexpressing plants [65].…”

Section: Signaling Mediation By Membrane-localized Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%