Chromosomal Characterization of Tripidium arundinaceum Revealed by Oligo-FISH

Abstract

Sugarcane is of important economic value for producing sugar and bioethanol. Tripidium arundinaceum (old name: Erianthus arundinaceum) is an intergeneric wild species of sugarcane that has desirable resistance traits for improving sugarcane varieties. However, the scarcity of chromosome markers has hindered the cytogenetic study of T. arundinaceum. Here we applied maize chromosome painting probes (MCPs) to identify chromosomes in sorghum and T. arundinaceum using a repeated fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) system. Sequential FISH revealed that these MCPs can be used as reliable chromosome markers for T. arundinaceum, even though T. arundinaceum has diverged from maize over 18 MYs (million years). Using these MCPs, we identified T. arundinaceum chromosomes based on their sequence similarity compared to sorghum and labeled them 1 through 10. Then, the karyotype of T. arundinaceum was established by multiple oligo-FISH. Furthermore, FISH results revealed that 5S rDNA and 35S rDNA are localized on chromosomes 5 and 6, respectively, in T. arundinaceum. Altogether, these results represent an essential step for further cytogenetic research of T. arundinaceum in sugarcane breeding.

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genome in Saccharum spp. and Related Members of ‘Saccharum Complex’

“…The ‘ Saccharum complex’ has some genera closely related to sugarcane that are divergent in a large number of biological and agronomic traits but capable of interbreeding with sugarcane. Among them, Tripidium arundinaceum (2n = 60) [ 2 ] and Narenga porphyrocoma (2n = 30) [ 3 ] have excellent field characteristics, such as a high biomass, barren and drought tolerance, early maturity, strong stems, strong tillering ability, and mosaic disease resistance [ 4 ]. In particular, considerable efforts had been made in introgressing robust traits from Tripidium species into sugarcane.…”

“…More recently, the complete cp genomes of T. arundinaceum [21,22] and N. porphyrocoma [23] have been sequenced and assembled. The analysis of chloroplasts in Saccharum and related species focused on three aspects: (1) the structural features of the cp genome were compared with Saccharum species and other agronomically and industrially important monocots, such as Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor [16]; (2) the molecular classification of all Saccharum species and their nearest evolutionary neighbors was elucidated by plastid-based studies [23]; (3) the plastid view on sugarcane origins [20]. These results have indicated the potential of this approach to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships within the 'Saccharum complex'.…”

Accurate Chromosome Identification in the Prunus Subgenus Cerasus (Prunus pseudocerasus) and its Relatives by Oligo-FISH

“…The selected oligonucleotide sequence is directly synthesized and labeled as the FISH probe. This approach has been used to identify specific chromosomes successfully in cucumber [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], strawberry [ 27 , 28 ], rice [ 29 ], poplar [ 30 ], maize [ 31 , 32 ], banana [ 33 , 34 ], beans [ 35 ], sugarcane [ 36 , 37 ], oil palm [ 38 ], wheat [ 39 , 40 ], Citrus [ 41 ], Ipomoea [ 42 ], Solanum [ 43 ], and Arachis [ 17 ]. Approximately thirty materials spanning the genus Prunus have been sequenced due to their small genome size and critical economic importance as fruit trees.…”

Field evaluation of TaDREB2B-ectopic expression sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) for drought tolerance

“…Isolating and utilizing the drought-tolerance gene from T. arundinaceum might be effective for engineering drought-tolerant sugarcane cultivars. However, most of the studies on T. arundinaceum mainly focused on its morphology and chromosomal characterization ( Wu et al., 2014 ; Huang et al., 2017 ; Yang et al., 2019 ; Yu et al., 2021 ; Yu et al., 2022 ).…”