Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency

Sternberg, Zohara

doi:10.1177/1526602815592204

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“… 6 , 40 , 41 CCSVI was found to be associated with autonomic neurological system (ANS) dysfunction. 31 , 42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ANS dysfunction could not only weaken the modulation of the cardiovascular system to adapt to the demands of cerebral cortical activity, resulting in decreased CBF and chronic hypoxia, a trigger for venous remodeling, [43][44][45] but also could regulate the immune system to activate cellular inflammation, adhesion, and migration. 42 The role of the hypercoagulation state in inflammatory processes should also not be overlooked. 7 We found that a state of hypercoagulation (eg, PC deficiency, primary thrombocythemia, overweight) and increased inflammatory biomarkers (eg, NLR, PLR, CRP) were more likely in the CVSS group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,40,41 CCSVI was found to be associated with autonomic neurological system (ANS) dysfunction. 31,42 As reviewed by Sternberg, the sympathetic ANS has widespread αand β-adrenergic receptors on endothelial cells and inflammatory cells. ANS dysfunction could not only weaken the modulation of the cardiovascular system to adapt to the demands of cerebral cortical activity, resulting in decreased CBF and chronic hypoxia, a trigger for venous remodeling, [43][44][45] but also could regulate the immune system to activate cellular inflammation, adhesion, and migration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suboptimal drainage could then result in iron deposition within the brain parenchyma with the potential of initiating local inflammatory responses 6,40,41. CCSVI was found to be associated with autonomic neurological system (ANS) dysfunction 31,42…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Negative Prognostic Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency

et al. 2022

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Background: The pathologic consequences of inflammatory responses in chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) remains poorly understood. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in patients with intracranial and extracranial CCSVI pathology. In addition, the relationship between inflammatory cytokine profile and CCSVI prognosis was also evaluated. Methods: Patients diagnosed with CCSVI between July 2017 and July 2019 were included and subsequently divided into 3 groups based on the location of stenosis. The inflammatory biomarker assay included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLRs), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios (PLRs), red blood cell distribution widths (RDW), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and neuron-specific enolase levels. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale and Patient Global Impression of Change score. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify significant prognostic factors for poorer outcomes. Finally, we established a nomogram based on the multivariate regression analysis. Results: We enrolled 248 patients in total, including 102 males and 146 females, with an average age of 57.85±12.28 years. Compared with patients with internal jugular vein stenosis, cerebral venous sinus stenosis (CVSS) patients were mostly younger and had been suffering from headaches and severe papilledema. Higher levels of NLR, RDW, and CRP were also observed in the CVSS group. Multivariate analysis indicated that NLR, PLR, and IL-6 were the independent prognostic factors for poor CCSVI outcomes. Conclusions: The clinical presentations and increases in NLR, PLR, IL-6, and CRP levels could be distinctly marked in patients with CVSS-related CCSVI than that in internal jugular vein stenosis–related CCSVI, indicating poor prognostic outcomes in these patients. A proinflammatory state might be associated with CCSVI pathology.

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“… 6 , 40 , 41 CCSVI was found to be associated with autonomic neurological system (ANS) dysfunction. 31 , 42 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%