Chronic Cough and Causes in Children

Weinberger, Miles

doi:10.3390/jcm12123947

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the cough did not respond to medications and did not change its characteristics, it was decided to examine the patient thoroughly to reveal any underlying organic pathology. Protracted bacterial bronchitis and asthma represent the most common causes of chronic cough in children and adolescents [3,5], while gastroesophageal reflux is a controversial cause of chronic cough [7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite being a physiologic reflex meant to protect the airways, a cough can be a longlasting and burdensome condition [1,2]. In children, various viral respiratory infections are considered the most common cause of acute cough, which usually resolves within 4 weeks [3]. In the pediatric population, a cough that lasts more than 4 weeks is defined as a chronic cough [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children, various viral respiratory infections are considered the most common cause of acute cough, which usually resolves within 4 weeks [3]. In the pediatric population, a cough that lasts more than 4 weeks is defined as a chronic cough [2][3][4]. The most common etiologies of chronic cough in children and adolescents are believed to be protracted bacterial bronchitis and bronchial asthma [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pediatric population, a cough that lasts more than 4 weeks is defined as a chronic cough [2][3][4]. The most common etiologies of chronic cough in children and adolescents are believed to be protracted bacterial bronchitis and bronchial asthma [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tic Cough in an Adolescent with Organic Brain Pathology—A Case Report and Literature Review

Grinevica,

Udre,

Balodis

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Chronic cough in children and adolescents can be troublesome both to the patient and the whole family. The most common causes of chronic cough in children are protracted bacterial bronchitis and bronchial asthma. However, differential diagnostic workup and treatment can become complicated when a cough of different etiology is encountered, especially in a child having a complex medical history for an unrelated pathology. A cough lacking any identified somatic cause and response to medical treatment in combination with core clinical features of tics that include suppressibility, distractibility, suggestibility, variability, and the presence of a premonitory sensation is labeled tic cough. Here we discuss a case of an adolescent who had atrophy of the corpus callosum and a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunting due to hydrocephalus caused by stenosis of the sylvian aqueduct, but now presented with a debilitating dry cough lasting for several months. After physical causes of cough were ruled out, the diagnosis of tic cough was reached, and multidisciplinary treatment ensured complete recovery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case showing coincidence of tic cough and hydrocephalus. The co-occurrence of non-syndromic corpus callosum atrophy and tic cough might hypothetically suggest a predisposing pathogenetic link via reduced signaling through cortical inhibitory neurons; further studies are needed. The importance of careful assessment of medical history, clinical picture, and features of the cough itself are emphasized in order to reach the correct diagnosis. Increased awareness of medical society is mandatory to recognize tic cough and to distinguish it from the neurologic manifestations of organic brain pathology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tic Cough in an Adolescent with Organic Brain Pathology—A Case Report and Literature Review

Grinevica,

Udre,

Balodis

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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“…However, the clinical picture of a troublesome cough in children is different to that in adults, suggesting that nuanced mechanisms may be at play [1]. These clinical considerations are discussed in detail in other contributions to this review series [2,3]. This review will explore the fundamentals of cough neurobiology to assess whether developmental differences in neural innervation or defensive-behaviour physiology may contribute to the clinical presentation of coughs in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of Coughing in Children

Mazzone

2023

JCM

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A cough is one of several defensive responses that protect and clear the airways of inhaled, aspirated or locally produced chemicals and matter. The neural components needed to initiate a cough begin to develop in utero, and at birth the airways and lungs already have a rich supply of sensory and motor-neural innervation. However, a cough is not always the primary defensive response to airway challenge in very young infants, but instead develops in the first postnatal months and matures further into puberty. Consequently, the clinical presentation of a troublesome cough in children may not be the same as in adults, exemplified by important differences in cough sensitivity and hypersensitivity between children and adults. This review will summarise key anatomical and functional concepts in airway neurobiology that may improve understanding of coughs in children.

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Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature

Foti Randazzese,

Toscano,

Gambadauro

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Cough is one of the most common reasons leading to pediatric consultations, negatively impacting the quality of life of patients and caregivers. It is defined as a sudden and forceful expulsion of air from the lungs through the mouth, typically triggered by irritation or the stimulation of sensory nerves in the respiratory tract. This reflex is controlled by a neural pathway that includes sensory receptors, afferent nerves, the brainstem’s cough center, efferent nerves, and the muscles involved in coughing. Based on its duration, cough in children may be classified as acute, lasting less than four weeks, and chronic, persisting for more than four weeks. Neuromodulators have shown promise in reducing the frequency and severity of cough by modulating the neural pathways involved in the cough reflex, although they require careful monitoring and patient selection to optimize the outcomes. This review aims to examine the rationale for using neuromodulators in the management of cough in children.

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Chronic Cough and Causes in Children

Abstract: Coughing is a natural means to clear the airway [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Tic Cough in an Adolescent with Organic Brain Pathology—A Case Report and Literature Review

Tic Cough in an Adolescent with Organic Brain Pathology—A Case Report and Literature Review

Neurobiology of Coughing in Children

Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature

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