Chronic Disease Risks in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Forewarned Is Forearmed

Tyler, Carl V.; Schramm, Sarah; Karafa, Matthew; Tang, Anne; Jain, Anil K.

doi:10.1352/1944-7558-116.5.371

Cited by 133 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…15,34, 35 Kohane and colleagues recently examined health conditions in children and young adults with ASD through several large quaternary hospitals and found a high prevalence of epilepsy, schizophrenia, and bowel disorders. 15 A similar review of electronic health records by Croen and colleagues found that young adults with ASD experience increased rates of seizures, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep disorders, and nearly all psychiatric disorders compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have many well-known health concerns, yet health conditions in adults with ASD remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVE: To examine health conditions and functional status in adults with ASD and identify factors associated with health and functional status across age cohorts. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: We collected cross-sectional data from 255 adult subjects aged 18 to 71 years with ASD using the Rochester Health Status Survey IV (RHSS-IV), a 58-item validated survey instrument. We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey to provide comparative prevalence rates in the general population. RESULTS: Compared to the general population, young adults aged 18-29 with ASD had a substantially higher prevalence of seizure disorder (11.2 % vs. 1.4 %; p= 0.002), depression (16.4 % vs. 6.4 %; p=0.007), hypertension (12.9 % vs. 6.3 %; p=0.05), and allergies (39.7 % vs. 8.4 %; p<0.001). In contrast, young adults with ASD had considerably lower rates of sexually transmitted illness (STI) (0.9 % vs. 4.3 %; p=0.03), tobacco use (5.2 % vs. 31.9 %; p<0.001), and alcohol misuse (0.9 % vs. 11.9 %; p<0.001). Adults 40 and over with ASD also had higher rates of seizure disorder (29.2 % vs. 1.7 %; p < 0.001), lower tobacco use (2.8 % vs. 24.5 %; p<0.001), and lower alcohol misuse (1.4 % vs. 18.2 %; p<0.001) compared to the general population. Amongst the 55 % of participants with a documented IQ score, 91 % had an intellectual disability (IQ < 70). Within the cohort aged 40 years old and older, only 54.2 % were independent with eating, 43.0 % independent with dressing, and 43.1 % independent with bathing. Lower IQ and depression were associated with lower functional status. CONCLUSIONS: Adults with ASD have a high prevalence of seizure disorders and depression, but low rates of STIs, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse. Within our cohort, the majority of older adults with ASD required some assistance with activities of daily living.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

et al. 2015

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“…3 Prior studies have documented that people with disabilities face disparities in health and healthcare as compared to people without disabilities. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Though some studies assessing healthcare disparities for adults with developmental disabilities have included participants on the autism spectrum, with the exception of one small study using administrative data, 21 they do not report results separately for autistic participants. Most studies also primarily include participants with intellectual disabilities, and may not be generalizable to the full range of individuals now recognized as on the autism spectrum, a majority of whom do not have an intellectual disability.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

et al. 2012

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“…This may be due to genetic factors [10,11], psychopharmacological effects [12][13][14], and other risk factors for obesity (e.g., sleep problems, food selectivity, delayed/impaired motor development, and family functioning) [9]. However, methods to help prevent obesity among handicapped people remain unclear, as most studies have investigated the mechanisms of obesity in relation to health promotion among non-disables people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Obesity among Japanese Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Haga¹,

Aihara²

2015

Int J Nurs Clin Pract

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Background: This study aimed to explore the patterns in body mass index trajectories and obesity onset, as well as the prevalence of childhood obesity, among Japanese children with intellectual disabilities (ID) (including Down syndrome; DS). Methods: We evaluated 231 students (6-18 years old) who were receiving special needs education. Obesity was calculated via the Rohrer index and Japanese obesity index, which used height and body weight data that were obtained during the children's annual school health monitoring check-up. Data regarding a diagnosis of DS were obtained from their entrance applications, which were completed by the children's parents. Chi square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test the associations between obesity, sex, and DS. Body mass index trajectory patterns were evaluated by fitting a semiparametric mixture model. Results:The highest prevalences of obesity among Japanese children with ID were 25.8% among 6-8-year-old boys and 21.1% among 15-17-year-old girls. The onset of obesity was most likely to occur at the ages of 8 years and 12 years in this study. Conclusion: Japanese children with ID have a higher prevalence of obesity (compared to non-ID children), and the onset of obesity predominantly occurred at the ages of 8 years and 12 years. Although the prevalences of obesity were similar for children with and without DS, children with DS had a significantly higher obesity index. These findings suggest that children with DS may easily develop serious obesity.

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Chronic Disease Risks in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Forewarned Is Forearmed

Cited by 133 publications

References 42 publications

Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

Health Conditions and Functional Status in Adults with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

The Prevalence of Obesity among Japanese Children with Intellectual Disabilities

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