Chronic exposure to pollutants in Madín Reservoir (Mexico) alters oxidative stress status and flesh quality in the common carp Cyprinus carpio

Abstract

Madín Reservoir (MR) is located on the Río Tlalnepantla in Mexico. Previous studies seeking to identify pollutants at this site evidence that MR water contains a considerable metal load as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) at concentrations above those determined suitable for aquatic life. This study aimed to evaluate whether chronic exposure to pollutants in MR alters oxidative stress status and flesh quality in muscle of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. The following biomarkers were evaluated in muscle of carp caught in the general area of discharge from the town of Viejo Madín: hydroperoxide content (HPC), lipid peroxidation (LPX), protein carbonyl content (PCC), and activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Physicochemical and textural properties of muscle were also evaluated. Results show that the metals Al and Fe were accumulated in muscle of C. carpio at levels of 21.3 and 29.6 μg L(-1), respectively, and the NSAIDs diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen at levels from 0.08 to 0.21 ng L(-1). Fish exposed to discharge from the town of Viejo Madín showed significant increases in HPC (9.77 %), LPX (69.33 %), and PCC (220 %) with respect to control specimens (p < 0.05). Similarly, enzyme activity increased significantly: SOD (80.82 %), CAT (98.03 %), and GPx (49.76 %). In muscle, physicochemical properties evidenced mainly significant reductions compared to control values while textural properties showed significant increases. Thus, water in this reservoir is contaminated with xenobiotics that alter some biological functions in C. carpio, a fish species consumed by the local human population.

Inhibition of immune responses and related proteins in Rhamdia quelen exposed to diclofenac

“…Diclofenac also increased hepatic oxidative stress [18] in Hoplias malabaricus. Other studies have demonstrated similar effects of diclofenac on oxidative stress responses in Cyprinus carpio [3,19,20] and Danio rerio [21]. Hematological profiles were also altered in C. carpio [22] and Clarias gariepinus [23] as a result of diclofenac exposure.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that diclofenac exposure reduced nitric oxide production in primary cultures of leukocytes [16]. Other studies have demonstrated similar effects of diclofenac on oxidative stress responses in Cyprinus carpio [3,19,20] and Danio rerio [21]. Diclofenac also increased hepatic oxidative stress [18] in Hoplias malabaricus.…”

Dietary isoleucine improved flesh quality, muscle antioxidant capacity, and muscle growth associated with AKT/TOR/S6K1 and AKT/FOXO3a signaling in hybrid bagrid catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli♀ × Leiocassis longirostris♂)

“…Fish muscle is easy to be subjected to oxidative stress, which results in the degenerative damage of flesh quality mainly by reducing muscle pH value, water holding capacity, and tenderness of fish [ 67 , 68 ]. Previous studies have indicated that flesh quality was closely related to antioxidant capacity [ 3 , 6 ].…”

Assessing pollution in marine protected areas: the role of a multi-biomarker and multi-organ approach

“…Biomarkers combined with metal body burdens of resident organisms have been widely used in aquatic pollution monitoring (Van der Oost et al 2003;Au 2004;Giarratano et al 2010;Duarte et al 2011;Oliva et al 2012Oliva et al , 2014Barhoumi et al 2014;Morachis-Valdez et al 2015), though most biomarker-based environmental quality studies were performed exclusively in highly anthropized sites (Malins et al 2006;Ramos-Gómez et al 2011;Ben Ameur et al 2012;Maranho et al 2012;Pereira et al 2014). We hypothesize that biomarkers are adequate for assessing the environmental quality of MPAs.…”