Chronic methanol toxicity through topical and inhalational routes presenting as vision loss and restricted diffusion of the optic nerves on MRI: A case report and literature review

Mojica, Christianne; Pasol, Esteban A.; Dizon, Mercedes; Kiat, Wenceslao A.; Lim, Timothy Reynold U.; Dominguez, Jacqueline C.; Valencia, Vincent V.; Tuaño, Bernardo Joaquin P.

doi:10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100258

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The damage is due to alcohol dehydrogenase’s oxidisation of methanol, which causes its conversion to formaldehyde, leading to formic acid production—a toxic metabolite 2. Formic acid causes toxicity by alterations in the cytochrome c oxidase complex at the mitochondria’s terminal end of the respiratory chain 1–5. This change causes disruption of the mitochondria, which are represented heavily in the optic nerves, retina and putamen 1–5…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methanol-induced parkinsonism and cerebral vasculopathy due to perfume inhalation

2022

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BackgroundMethanol (methyl alcohol) is a form of toxic alcohol that is found in illicit alcohol as well as household products such as solvents and paint removers. The most common cause of methanol poisoning is through ingestion of adulterated alcohol; however, other routes of poisoning may also occur including cutaneous exposure and, rarely, inhalation.Methods/resultsWe are reporting a case of a young woman with vision loss, parkinsonism and widespread cerebral artery spasms due to methanol inhalation from domestically made perfume.ConclusionOur case highlights the increased need for awareness on the part of the public and health authorities with regard to the manufacturing and use of homemade perfumes produced with poorly processed alcohol having a high methyl alcohol content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formic acid causes toxicity by alterations in the cytochrome c oxidase complex at the mitochondria’s terminal end of the respiratory chain 1–5. This change causes disruption of the mitochondria, which are represented heavily in the optic nerves, retina and putamen 1–5…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol-induced parkinsonism and cerebral vasculopathy due to perfume inhalation

2022

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“…Methanol in formulations when inhaled or even exposed to human skin gets into the blood through dermal absorption if used very frequently (Mojica et al 2020). Ingestion or transdermal absorption of ABHRs with undisclosed methanol content has been reported to cause acute bilateral loss of vision (Kochgaway et al 2020) or even death (Overbeek et al 2021;Yip et al 2020).…”

Section: Hazards Due To Methanol Mixing or Counterfeit Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the Enigma of Hand Sanitizer In COVID-19 – A Bibliometric Analysis of Related Publications Over the Year

Samuel

Babu

Arjunan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Alcohol-based sand sanitizers (ABHSs) are effective in controlling the spread of COVID-19 and has been integrated to our daily life since the onset of the outbreak. However, the sudden and unprecedented global induction of ABHSs has not been smooth, as conflicting reports continued to pour into the public domain, not all for good reason. This review, therefore, attempts to identify the emerging aspects of ABHSs in the era of COVID-19. Articles indexed in Scopus and PubMed on “hand sanitizer” published between January 2020 and February 2021, were screened based on PRISMA guidelines, and classified into different thematic groups. Selected articles on hand sanitizers (101) primarily echo “health hazard” (40, 39.6%) associated with accidental/intentional exposure, methanol toxicity, or occupational irritant contact dermatitis. Articles on “formulations” (23, 22.8%) and “efficacy” (18, 17.8%) mainly refer to alcoholic preparations, though a small subset of formulations has been actually been tested against SARS-Cov-2. Articles on semi-alcoholic, non-alcoholic, or even ayurvedic preparations have been implicated without a standardized efficacy report. Quality concern (12, 11.9%), and shortage (8, 7.9%) have also been reflected in publications during the pandemic. However, this representation is somewhat overinflated given that 28% of total articles are of review, editorial, letters, and not actual case studies. Many potential studies designed in the pandemic might not have reached to publication stage. However, the implication from existing studies on the use of ABHSs can still be useful to build better public awareness, and prioritize interventional strategies among stakeholders.

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“…Accidental oral ingestion is the primary exposure route [1,3,[9][10][11]. Inhalation and dermal absorption associated with occupational exposure or intentional abuse have been increasingly reported [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Methanol intoxication is caused by its metabolite formate, an inhibitory enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Methanol-Induced Optic Neuropathy: Correlation between Aetiology and Clinical Findings

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose. To show the clinical characteristics, identify the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features, and observe the visual outcome of methanol-induced optic neuropathy. Methods. Clinical data were retrospectively collected from in-patients diagnosed with methanol-induced optic neuropathy in the Neuro-Ophthalmology Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2016 to January 2021. Results. Eight patients were included in this study. The exposure time was 6–34 h for ingestion, 3-4 months for inhalation, and more than ten years for skin absorption. All patients demonstrated bilateral acute visual impairment. Seven of eight patients had other accompanying systemic symptoms. Seven of eight patients demonstrated optic nerve lesions in MRI, and five presented with a hyperintense T2 signal in a “central” type. OCT showed the macular ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (mGCL-IPL) thinning before the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thinning. The visual improvement was achieved transiently for seven of eight patients after treatment. One patient with a mitochondrial DNA mutation maintained a bilateral no-light perception (NLP) from the onset to the last visit. All patients had poor visual prognoses, with either light perception or NLP. Conclusions. Methanol-induced optic neuropathy is a rare bilateral optic neuropathy with a poor visual outcome. A centrally hyperintense T2 signal of the optic nerve is common in methanol-induced optic neuropathy. The thinning of the mGCL-IPL is more sensitive than that of the pRNFL for early diagnosis. A mitochondrial genetic defect may be a predisposing factor for methanol-induced optic neuropathy.

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Chronic methanol toxicity through topical and inhalational routes presenting as vision loss and restricted diffusion of the optic nerves on MRI: A case report and literature review

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Methanol-induced parkinsonism and cerebral vasculopathy due to perfume inhalation

Methanol-induced parkinsonism and cerebral vasculopathy due to perfume inhalation

Unravelling the Enigma of Hand Sanitizer In COVID-19 – A Bibliometric Analysis of Related Publications Over the Year

Clinical Characteristics of Methanol-Induced Optic Neuropathy: Correlation between Aetiology and Clinical Findings

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