Chronic oral lethal and sub‐lethal toxicities of different binary mixtures of pesticides and contaminants in bees (Apis mellifera, Osmia bicornis and Bombus terrestris)

Spurgeon, David J.; Hesketh, Helen; Lahive, Elma; Svendsen, Claus; Baas, Jan; Robinson, Alex; Horton, Alice A.; Heard, Matthew S.

doi:10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.en-1076

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Although risk assessors are beginning to address synergistic effects on survival [79,81] and sublethal effects such as homing behaviour and hypopharyngeal development [51], many important synergistic and behavioural effects that can affect colony fitness are not explored. We propose that RA include more thorough assessments of behaviours and synergies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees

2019

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The honeybee ( Apis mellifera L.) is an important pollinator and a model for pesticide effects on insect pollinators. The effects of agricultural pesticides on honeybee health have therefore raised concern. Bees can be exposed to multiple pesticides that may interact synergistically, amplifying their side effects. Attention has focused on neonicotinoid pesticides, but flupyradifurone (FPF) is a novel butenolide insecticide that is also systemic and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist. We therefore tested the lethal and sublethal toxic effects of FPF over different seasons and worker types, and the interaction of FPF with a common SBI fungicide, propiconazole. We provide the first demonstration of adverse synergistic effects on bee survival and behaviour (poor coordination, hyperactivity, apathy) even at FPF field-realistic doses (worst-case scenarios). Pesticide effects were significantly influenced by worker type and season. Foragers were consistently more susceptible to the pesticides (4-fold greater effect) than in-hive bees, and both worker types were more strongly affected by FPF in summer as compared with spring. Because risk assessment (RA) requires relatively limited tests that only marginally address bee behaviour and do not consider the influence of bee age and season, our results raise concerns about the safety of approved pesticides, including FPF. We suggest that pesticide RA also test for common chemical mixture synergies on behaviour and survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees

2019

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“…As the effect on survival was "very large" for both predators (g = À2.59) and pollinators (g = À1.31), our results suggest potentially greater reductions of ecosystem service provisioning by a range of functional groups. However, the lethality of neonicotinoids varies greatly depending on the route of exposure, species, concentrations, and active ingredient used (Scott-Dupree et al 2009, Fernandes et al 2016, Spurgeon et al 2016.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonicotinoid insecticides negatively affect performance measures of non‐target terrestrial arthropods: a meta‐analysis

Main

Webb

Goyne

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Neonicotinoid insecticides are currently the fastest-growing and most widely used insecticide class worldwide. Valued for their versatility in application, these insecticides may cause deleterious effects in a range of non-target (beneficial) arthropods. However, it remains unclear whether strong patterns exist in terms of their major effects, if broad measures of arthropod performance are negatively affected, or whether different functional groups are equally vulnerable. Here, we present a meta-analysis of 372 observations from 44 field and laboratory studies that describe neonicotinoid effects on 14 arthropod orders across five broad performance measures: abundance, behavior, condition, reproductive success, and survival. Across studies, neonicotinoids negatively affected all performance metrics evaluated; however, magnitude of the effects varied. Arthropod behavior and survival were the most negatively affected and abundance was the least negatively affected. Effects on arthropod functional groups were inconsistent. Pollinator condition, reproductive success, and survival were significantly lower in neonicotinoid treatments compared to untreated controls; whereas, neonicotinoid effects on detritivores were not significant. Although magnitude of arthropod response to neonicotinoids varied among performance measures and functional groups, we documented a consistent negative relationship between exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides in published studies and beneficial arthropod performance.

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“…Mortality in B. terrestris for the combined dose was only significantly higher in the first time period, after 4 h. However, in O. bicornis, exposure to the combination of clothianidin and propiconazole resulted in significantly higher mortality at all time points. Spurgeon et al (2016) conducted similar experiments to Sgolastra et al, investigating the effect of a combination of clothianidin and propiconazole on A. mellifera, B. terrestris, and O. bicornis. In order to calculate an LD50, clothianidin concentrations were varied and propiconazole concentrations were held at zero, a low dose and a high dose.…”

Section: Other Pollinatorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…With the limited data available, Arena and Sgolastra (2014) could not comment on the strength of these claims and further experiments are needed. Spurgeon et al (2016) calculated various toxicity measures of clothianidin on honeybees, the bumblebee species B. terrestris and the solitary bee species Osmia bicornis. Acute oral toxicity 48, 96, and 240 h LD50s for honeybees were 14.6, 15.4, and 11.7 ng/bee, respectively.…”

Section: Other Pollinatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems

Pisa

Goulson

Yang

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

202

144

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New information on the lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on organisms is presented in this review, complementing the previous Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) in 2015. The high toxicity of these systemic insecticides to invertebrates has been confirmed and expanded to include more species and compounds. Most of the recent research has focused on bees and the sublethal and ecological impacts these insecticides have on pollinators. Toxic effects on other invertebrate taxa also covered predatory and parasitoid natural enemies and aquatic arthropods. Little new information has been gathered on soil organisms. The impact on marine and coastal ecosystems is still largely uncharted. The chronic lethality of neonicotinoids to insects and crustaceans, and the strengthened evidence that these chemicals also impair the immune system and reproduction, highlights the dangers of this particular insecticidal class (neonicotinoids and fipronil), with the potential to greatly decrease populations of arthropods in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Sublethal effects on fish, reptiles, frogs, birds, and mammals are also reported, showing a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity of these insecticides in vertebrates and their deleterious impacts on growth, reproduction, and neurobehaviour of most of the species tested. This review concludes with a summary of impacts on the ecosystem services and functioning, particularly on pollination, soil biota, and aquatic invertebrate communities, thus reinforcing the previous WIA conclusions .

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Chronic oral lethal and sub‐lethal toxicities of different binary mixtures of pesticides and contaminants in bees (Apis mellifera, Osmia bicornis and Bombus terrestris)

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees

Neonicotinoid insecticides negatively affect performance measures of non‐target terrestrial arthropods: a meta‐analysis

An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems

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Chronic oral lethal and sub‐lethal toxicities of different binary mixtures of pesticides and contaminants in bees (Apis mellifera, Osmia bicornis and Bombus terrestris)

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ® ), on honeybees

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ® ), on honeybees

Neonicotinoid insecticides negatively affect performance measures of non‐target terrestrial arthropods: a meta‐analysis

An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees

Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto ^® ), on honeybees