Chronic thinner intoxication: clinico-pathologic report of a human case.

Escobar, Arribas; Aruffo, C

doi:10.1136/jnnp.43.11.986

Cited by 105 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A higher fre q u e n c y of disorganization and asymmetry in TA than in C subjects was also observed. The first point confirm s the observation perf o rmed in one case of a patient with paper EEG and with a neuropathologic study 4 . The second point to our knowledge is re p o rted here for first time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A case study with a n e u ropathologic re p o rt, showed a slowing of EEG rhythms in one subject with thinner abuse 4 , on the other hand, one toluene-exposed worker had a normal EEG 8 . Thus, no agreement or quantitative measures of EEG in a systematically studied group of patients with thinner abuse, nor comparison with control subjects has been carried out.…”

Section: é T O D Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of continuing use is physical impairment in diff e rent org a n s as liver, brain, heart, muscles, and others 3 . In central n e rvous system, cerebellar degeneration, and cort ical atrophy has been described and may lead to irreversible brain damage [4][5][6] .…”

Section: é T O D Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thinner abuse alters peak of frequency of EEG spectra analyses

Poblano

Flores

Arteaga

et al. 2006

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Study objective:The aim of the investigation was to use electroencephalography (EEG) to study whether long-term thinner abuse may result in the slowing, disorganization and asymmetry of the EEG cortical rh y t h m s . Method: Twenty-two patients attending with antecedent of thinner abuse only, and twenty two controls without alcohol, smoking, and drug abuse in the same age range and gender w e re studied. EEG re c o rding were compared by means of the analyses of peak of frequency (POF), frequency of disorganization, and asymmetry of the background activity in patients and controls at rest eyesclosed condition in electrodes P3, P4, O1, and O2. Results: Significant differences in POF among groups was observed in P3 and P4 location showing lower values in thinner abusers, but not in O1 and O2 locations. Frequencies of disorganization and asymmetry showed significantly higher pro p o rtions in thinner abusers. Bivariate correlations among POF at the four electrode location and time of thinner abuse showed significant values. However after partial correlation calculation correcting for age, significant values disappeared. Conclusion: Thus thinner abuse relates with slowing of POF in the EEG of patients with thinner abuse associated with disorganization, and asymmetry depending on time of abuse.KEY WORDS: thinner abuse, toluene exposure, electroencephalography, quantitative electroencephalography.El abuso de tíner altera el pico de frecuencia del análisis espectral del EEG RESUMEN-Objetivo: Utilizar el electroencefalograma (EEG) para estudiar si el abuso o intoxicación cróni-ca por tíner produce lentificación, desorganización y asimetría de la actividad eléctrica cort i c a l . M é t o d o :Se estudiaron 22 pacientes con antecedentes de intoxicación crónica por tíner y 22 sujetos sin antecedentes de abuso de tíner, alcohol, cigarro o drogas en el mismo rango de edad y en igual número de acuerdo al género. Se registro el EEG cuantitativo y se compararon: el promedio del pico de frecuencia (PoF), la frecuencia de desorganización de la actividad de fondo y la presencia de asimetría inter-hemisférica en la condición de reposo físico y mental entre las regiones de los electrodos P3, P4, O1 y O2. Resultados: S e e n c o n t r a ron diferencias significativas en el PoF entre los grupo estudiados en P3 y P4 observándose valo res menores en el grupo con antecedente de intoxicación crónica con tíner, sin embargo estas difere ncias no fueron observadas en O1 y O2. La frecuencia de desorganización y de asimetría fue mayor entre los pacientes con antecedente de intoxicación crónica con tíner. Las correlaciones bivariadas entre el PoF en las cuatro localizaciones y el tiempo de consumo de tíner mostraron valores significativos, sin embargo, cuando fueron corregidas por la edad desaparecieron. Conclusión: La intoxicación crónica por tíner se relaciona a una lentificación del PoF del EEG de estos pacientes asociada con desorganización y asimetría que dependen parcialmente del tiempo de consumo.PALABRAS CLAVE: abuso de tíne...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: é T O D Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thinner abuse alters peak of frequency of EEG spectra analyses

Poblano

Flores

Arteaga

et al. 2006

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…The cases with diffuse white matter change had a longer duration of abuse and obvious brain atrophy 9 . All patients with white matter changes had neurologic deficit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding is considered to represent the damage in myelin, such as demyelination or myelin pallor, reported in histopathologic reports 9 . Periventricular white matter and the centrum semiovale were the most common locations for white matter changes in 19 (46%) of 41 patients, thinning of the corpus callosum was revealed in nine patients (22%), T2-weighted images revealed symmetric hypointensity in the thalami in eight patients (20%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic neuritis due to solvent abuse

Twardowschy

Teive

Siquineli

et al. 2008

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Solvent abuse is a public health problem in Brazil particularly among young adults and children. Inhalation of toluene-based products is popular with solvent sniffers because of the euphoric effect and easy availability of these substances. Chronic inhalation of toluene may result in a variety of neurologic complications like cerebellar dysfunction, optic atrophy, pyramidal tract signs, cranial nerve abnormalities. Also, personality changes, emotional instability and general cognitive decline have been attributed to its abuse 1 . We report an unusual case of acute optic neuritis induced by thinner sniffing. caseA 34-year-old man presented with an acute visual loss. He was admitted to the hospital reporting a sudden and progressive loss of visual acuity after sniffing a hole can of thinner during uninterrupted 48 hours. This homeless patient had a history of chronic solvent abuse for five years, moderate alcohol ingestion and tabagism, but denied other substances abuse. At the moment of the admission, 4 days after the beginning of the symptoms, he related to see only countenances. The physical examination and vital data were normal. The neurological examination was normal except for presenting bilateral mydriasis with severe reduction of the photomotor and consensual responses. Visual acuity was worse than 20/200. Ophthalmological examination demonstred bilateral papilledema, with normal ocular pressure and ocular movements. Other cranial nerves were normal. Laboratory examinations are listed in Table. Lumbar puncture showed 130 mmH 2 O opening pressure, 27 red blood cells/mm³, 1 leucocyte/mm³, glucose concentration 75 mg/dL, protein 39 mg/ dL and VDRL was negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral symmetric hyperintense lesions in the deep white matter, corpus callosum (splenium), centrum semiovale (Fig 1) and pons (Fig 2). EEG was irregular without specific pathological meanings. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone 1 gr/day for three days associated with replacement of B complex vitamins. Six days after the admission, the patient ran away from the hospital and one month later returned in the neurology clinic relating important improvement of the visual acuity. discussiOn Today, organic solvents contained in industrial and domestic products are the most commonly abused volatile substances. Formerly, benzene was the major organic solvent in paints, lacquers, and thinners. However, benzene is toxic to bone marrow and liver and has been replaced by n-hexane or toluene (methyl benzene), which are neuro-

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