Chronic untreated tuberculous meningitis

Traub, Michael; Leake, J.; Scholtz, Carl L.; Thakkar, C.

doi:10.1007/bf00314030

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Early, accurate diagnosis and prompt, adequate treatment are crucial in determining the clinical outcome of TBM [43,53,56,59,62]. If left untreated, TBM usually leads to death within 4-6 weeks after the onset of its symptoms [63]; nonetheless, in some cases [e.g., [64][65][66][67][68][69][70], the disease has a protracted course that can last for several months or even years. Therefore, in such cases, the duration of the disease is long enough to allow bony changes to occur on the inner surface of the skull.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking down the White Plague: The skeletal evidence of tuberculous meningitis in the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection

et al. 2020

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Paleopathological diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) essentially relies on the identification of macroscopic lesions in the skeleton that can be related to different manifestations of TB. Among these alterations, granular impressions (GIs) on the inner skull surface have been considered as pathognomonic features of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). GIs may be established by pressure atrophy of the tubercles formed on the outermost meningeal layer during later stages of TBM. Although GIs were used as diagnostic criteria for TBM in the paleopathological practice since the late 20 th century, their diagnostic value has been questioned. To contribute to strengthening the diagnostic value of GIs, a macroscopic investigation-focusing on the macromorphological characteristics and frequency of GIs-was performed on skeletons of known cause of death from the Terry Collection. The χ 2 analysis of our data revealed that GIs were significantly more common in individuals who died of TB than in individuals who died of non-TB causes. Furthermore, GIs were localized on the inner surface of the skull base and of the lower lateral skull vault. The localization pattern and distribution of GIs on the endocranial surface resemble that of the tubercles observed in the affected meninges during the pathogenesis of TBM. Our results strengthen the tuberculous origin of GIs and imply that they can be considered as specific signs of TBM. Therefore, GIs can be used as diagnostic criteria for TBM in the paleopathological practice, and the diagnosis of TBM can be established with a high certainty when GIs are present in ancient human bone remains.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking down the White Plague: The skeletal evidence of tuberculous meningitis in the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 vaccine design using reverse and structural vaccinology, ontology-based literature mining and machine learning

Huffman

Ong

Hur

et al. 2022

Briefings in Bioinformatics

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Rational vaccine design, especially vaccine antigen identification and optimization, is critical to successful and efficient vaccine development against various infectious diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In general, computational vaccine design includes three major stages: (i) identification and annotation of experimentally verified gold standard protective antigens through literature mining, (ii) rational vaccine design using reverse vaccinology (RV) and structural vaccinology (SV) and (iii) post-licensure vaccine success and adverse event surveillance and its usage for vaccine design. Protegen is a database of experimentally verified protective antigens, which can be used as gold standard data for rational vaccine design. RV predicts protective antigen targets primarily from genome sequence analysis. SV refines antigens through structural engineering. Recently, RV and SV approaches, with the support of various machine learning methods, have been applied to COVID-19 vaccine design. The analysis of post-licensure vaccine adverse event report data also provides valuable results in terms of vaccine safety and how vaccines should be used or paused. Ontology standardizes and incorporates heterogeneous data and knowledge in a human- and computer-interpretable manner, further supporting machine learning and vaccine design. Future directions on rational vaccine design are discussed.

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A 40-Year Old Woman With Headache

Talwani

Mackowiak

Blome

2008

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences

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Chronic untreated tuberculous meningitis

Abstract: We describe a 34-year-old man who suffered from tuberculous meningitis for 2 years without receiving antituberculous medication. Our case is compared with other forms of indolent or benign variants of the disease.

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Tracking down the White Plague: The skeletal evidence of tuberculous meningitis in the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection

Tracking down the White Plague: The skeletal evidence of tuberculous meningitis in the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Skeletal Collection

COVID-19 vaccine design using reverse and structural vaccinology, ontology-based literature mining and machine learning

A 40-Year Old Woman With Headache

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