Chronic vasodilation increases renal medullary PDE5A and α-ENaC through independent renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways

West, Crystal A.; Shaw, Stefan; Sasser, Jennifer M.; Fekete, Andrea; Alexander, Tyler; Cunningham, Mark; Masilamani, Shyama; Baylis, Chris

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00003.2013

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Plasma volume was measured by the Evan’s blue dye technique as previously described 48 . In brief, after baseline blood collection, Evan’s blue dye (0.3 mg/ml) was infused into the venous catheter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Renin Angiotensin System in Blood Pressure Allostasis-induced by Severe Food Restriction in Female Fischer rats

Souza

West

Abreu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Severe food restriction (FR) is associated with blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular dysfunction. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates BP and its dysregulation contributes to impaired cardiovascular function. Female Fischer rats were maintained on a control (CT) or severe FR (40% of CT) diet for 14 days. In response to severe FR, BP allostasis was achieved by up-regulating circulating Ang-[1–8] by 1.3-fold through increased angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and by increasing the expression of AT1Rs 1.7-fold in mesenteric vessels. Activation of the RAS countered the depressor effect of the severe plasma volume reduction (≥30%). The RAS, however, still underperformed as evidenced by reduced pressor responses to Ang-[1–8] even though AT1Rs were still responsive to the depressor effects of an AT1R antagonist. The aldosterone (ALDO) response was also inadequate as no changes in plasma ALDO were observed after the large fall in plasma volume. These findings have implications for individuals who have experienced a period(s) of severe FR (e.g., anorexia nervosa, dieters, natural disasters) and suggests increased activity of the RAS in order to achieve allostasis contributes to the cardiovascular dysfunction associated with inadequate food intake.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Renin Angiotensin System in Blood Pressure Allostasis-induced by Severe Food Restriction in Female Fischer rats

Souza

West

Abreu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Food consumption, water intake and BW were determined daily at 17.00 h during the 2 week sFR period. Food and water intake were measured gravimetrically, as described by West et al (2013).…”

Section: Food Consumption and Water Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term very low caloric intake causes endothelial dysfunction and increased susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias and pathology in male rats

Almeida

Shults

Souza

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of a 2 week period of severe food restriction on vascular reactivity of resistance arteries and on cardiac structure and function? What is the main finding and its importance? This study showed, for the first time, that a 2 week period of severe food restriction in adult male Fischer rats caused endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric arteries and increased the susceptibility to ischaemia–reperfusion‐induced arrhythmias and cardiac pathology. Our findings might have ramifications for cardiovascular risk in people who experience periods of inadequate caloric intake. Abstract Severe food restriction (sFR) is a common dieting strategy for rapid weight loss. Male Fischer rats were maintained on a control (CT) or sFR (40% of CT food intake) diet for 14 days to mimic low‐calorie crash diets. The sFR diet reduced body weight by 16%. Haematocrits were elevated by 10% in the sFR rats, which was consistent with the reduced plasma volume. Mesenteric arteries from sFR rats had increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors, including angiotensin II [maximum (%): CT, 1.30 ± 0.46 versus sFR, 11.5 ± 1.6; P < 0.0001; n = 7] and phenylephrine [maximum (%): CT, 78.5 ± 2.8 versus sFR, 94.5 ± 1.7; P < 0.001; n = 7] and reduced sensitivity to the vasodilator acetylcholine [EC 50 (n m ): CT, 49.2 ± 5.2 versus sFR, 71.6 ± 6.8; P < 0.05; n = 7]. Isolated hearts from sFR rats had a 1.7‐fold increase in the rate of cardiac arrhythmias in response to ischaemia–reperfusion and more cardiac pathology, including myofibrillar disarray with contractions and cardiomyocyte lysis, than hearts from CT rats. The sFR dietary regimen is similar to very low‐calorie commercial and self‐help weight‐loss programmes, which provide ∼800–1000 kcal day −1 . Therefore, these findings in rats warrant the study of cardiovascular function in individuals who engage in extreme dieting or are subjected to bouts of very low caloric intake for other reasons, such as socioeconomic factors and natural disasters.

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The enigma of continual plasma volume expansion in pregnancy: critical role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

West

Sasser

Baylis

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Pregnancy is characterized by avid renal sodium retention and plasma volume expansion in the presence of decreased blood pressure. Decreased maternal blood pressure is a consequence of reduced systemic vascular tone, which results from an increased production of vasodilators [nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins, and relaxin] and decreased vascular responsiveness to the potent vasoconstrictor (angiotensin II). The kidneys participate in this vasodilatory response, resulting in marked increases in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during pregnancy. In women, sodium retention drives plasma volume expansion (∼40%) and is necessary for perfusion of the growing uterus and fetus. For there to be avid sodium retention in the presence of the potent natriuretic influences of increased NO and elevated GFR, there must be modifications of the tubules to prevent salt wasting. The purpose of this review is to summarize these adaptations.

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Chronic vasodilation increases renal medullary PDE5A and α-ENaC through independent renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Role of the Renin Angiotensin System in Blood Pressure Allostasis-induced by Severe Food Restriction in Female Fischer rats

Role of the Renin Angiotensin System in Blood Pressure Allostasis-induced by Severe Food Restriction in Female Fischer rats

Short‐term very low caloric intake causes endothelial dysfunction and increased susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias and pathology in male rats

The enigma of continual plasma volume expansion in pregnancy: critical role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

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