Circadian Rhythmometry of Mammalian Radiosensitivity

Haus, Erhard; Halberg, Franz; Loken, Merle K.; Kim, Y. S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-691850-2.50017-2

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…died. Similar findings have been previously reported (Haus et al, 1974;Halberg et al, 1977b). Certainly from these findings and the results of others one must conclude that circadian variation is not trivial!…”

Section: Implications For Researchsupporting

confidence: 93%

Chronobiology of the intestinal tract of the mouse

Scheving

Tsai

1983

Am. J. Anat.

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This paper summarizes recent and continuing work on circadian rhythms in the alimentary tract of rodents; these include: (1) cell proliferation, (2) activities of intestinal enzymes, and (3) behavioral aspects of spontaneous feeding and drinking. All regions of the intestinal tract show marked circadian behavior in cell proliferation. The roles of the light-dark cycle and meal timing in synchronizing such rhythms are discussed as well as the influence of epidermal growth factor, insulin, glucagon, and ACTH 1-17. Attention is called to the potential importance of these rhythms to basic research and medicine. Other circadian rhythms in the alimentary tract are reviewed briefly, such as those characterizing a host of intestinal enzymes, monosaccharide transport, and the height and width of the villi. Many of these have been shown to be cued to a feeding schedule; however, a number of the enzyme rhythms persist for one or two cycles in fasting animals, and this also is the case for the cell-proliferation rhythms. After having been acclimated to a circadian feeding schedule (within a range of 23-30 hr), rodents can on subsequent days anticipate the food an hour or more prior to its arrival. Some enzymes behave in a similar manner in that their activities increase prior to the expected intake of the daily food. These anticipatory response rhythms are under endogenous control, since both will persist in the fasted animal and both will free run when a mouse is placed under constant conditions. Somehow these animals are able to measure circadian intervals of time. This challenges the concept that the oscillations seen in enzyme activities are simply a passive consequence of feeding and fasting, respectively.

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Section: Implications For Researchsupporting

confidence: 93%

Chronobiology of the intestinal tract of the mouse

Scheving

Tsai

1983

Am. J. Anat.

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“…Chronoradiosensitivity of mice and rats has been recognized since the early 1960s (Pizzarello et al 1963, Pizzarello et al 1964, Nelson 1966, Hellwig and Rosenkranz 1968, Haus et al 1974, Haus 2002), and has been suggested to be a useful guide to time delivery of radiotherapy in humans for malignancy. In rats and mice, mortality was shown to be higher when irradiation was delivered during the night time hours (Nelson 1966) and/or during the early light hours (Pizzarello et al 1964, Hellwig and Rosenkranz 1968, Haus 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a Murine Model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome

et al. 2012

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We have developed a murine model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome (H-ARS) for efficacy testing of medical countermeasures (MCM) against radiation according to the FDA Animal Rule. Ten to 12 week old male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to the LD50/30-LD70/30 dose of total body irradiation (TBI, 137Cs, 0.62-0.67 Gy min-1) in the morning hours when mice were determined to be most radiosensitive, and assessed for 30 day survival and mean survival time (MST). Antibiotics were delivered in the drinking water on days 4-30 post-TBI at a concentration based on the amount of water that lethally-irradiated mice were found to consume. The fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and the tetracycline doxycycline and aminoglycoside neomycin, all significantly increased MST of decedent mice, while ciprofloxacin (p=0.061) and doxycycline + neomycin (p=0.005) showed at least some efficacy to increase 30 day survival. Blood sampling (30uL/mouse every 5th day) was found to negatively impact 30 day survival. Histopathology of tissues harvested from non-moribund mice showed expected effects of lethal irradiation, while moribund mice were largely septicemic with a preponderance of enteric organisms. Kinetics of loss and recovery of peripheral blood cells in untreated mice and those treated with two MCM, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and Amifostine, further characterized and validated our model for use in screening studies and pivotal efficacy studies of candidate MCM for licensure to treat irradiated individuals suffering from H-ARS.

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“…Experimental data suggest that specific organ toxicity and animal lethality from radiotherapy is circadian time-dependent (64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69). Studies also documented the time-dependent ability of radiation to generate apoptosis in gut mucosa (70)(71)(72).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythms in Human Gastrointestinal Mucosa and Skin

Bjarnason

Jordan

2002

Chronobiology International

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Rhythmicity in cell proliferation is well established in the gastrointestinal tract and skin, both in rodents and humans. This is the basis for studies on the timing of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. More recently, circadian rhythm studies of cell-cycle proteins have confirmed earlier findings based on thymidine labeling and flow cytometry. The genetic control of circadian rhythms has been elucidated recently and a possible connection between the circadian clock and the timing of cell-cycle events has been suggested. The data for gastrointestinal mucosa and skin are reviewed and the potential clinical implications of these results are discussed.

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Circadian Rhythmometry of Mammalian Radiosensitivity

Cited by 19 publications

References 80 publications

Chronobiology of the intestinal tract of the mouse

Chronobiology of the intestinal tract of the mouse

Establishing a Murine Model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome

Rhythms in Human Gastrointestinal Mucosa and Skin

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