CircCNOT6L modulates alternative splicing of SLC7A11 via splicing factor SRSF2 to confer ferroptosis resistance and promote metastasis in prostate cancer

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis has emerged as a leading cause of mortality globally. Due to the distinctive looping structure, circRNA has become an ideal biological tumor marker. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and function of CircRNA, specifically circCNOT6L, on PCa metastasis. A loss-of-function assay was conducted in vitro to assess the impact of circCNOT6L on cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and ferroptosis. Additionally, a xenograft mouse model was employed to elucidate circCNOT6L’s influence on subcutaneous tumor xenograft and lung metastasis. Biochemical experiments elucidated the molecular mechanism by which circCNOT6L promotes malignant progression in PCa cells by modulating ferroptosis. Additionally, the combination of CircCNOT6L-si and a ferroptosis activator was tested in organoids to evaluate their potential as suppressors of tumorigenesis. The novel circular RNA, circCNOT6L, was highly expressed in both PCa metastatic tissues and cells. circCNOT6L suppression resulted in a notable inhibition in PCa cell migration, invasion, and ferroptosis in vitro. Furthermore, circCNOT6L inhibition hindered the growth and metastasis of mouse xenografts. Mechanistically, circCNOT6L, generated by the RNA-binding protein EIF4A3, competes with miR-143-5p for binding, thereby facilitating SRSF2-dependent splicing of SLC7A11 pre-RNA. This process inhibited ferroptosis in PCa cells and promoted PCa progression. Finally, inhibiting circCNOT6L overexpression in combination with theferroptosis activator (Erastin) significantly suppressed the viability of prostate-derived organoids. In conclusion, in the present study, we found that circCNOT6L induced by EIF4A3 through the SRSF2/SLC7A11 axis effectively inhibits ferroptosis, which in turn promotes malignant progression of prostate cancer.