Circular RNA: Biogenesis, Degradation, Functions and Potential Roles in Mediating Resistance to Anticarcinogens

Geng, Xiuchao; Jia, Yongsheng; Zhang, Yuhao; Shi, Liang; Li, Qiang; Zang, Aimin; Wang, Hong

doi:10.2217/epi-2019-0295

Cited by 88 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(107 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…CircATP8B4 was demonstrated to promote glioma radioresistance by serving as a miR-766 sponge, and circATP8B4 in EVs may be a potential biomarker for glioma radioresistance. It was reported that exosome-transmitted miRNA may promote chemosensitivity in multiple cancer types such as colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer (124,125), and recent studies have revealed that circRNAs mediate chemotherapy resistance in various types of cancer such as ovarian cancer and thyroid carcinoma (126)(127)(128). Hence, there is a novel hypothesis that exosomal circRNAs are influence chemotherapy resistance, but this still requires further experimental confirmation (Fig.…”

Section: Exosomal Circrnas Promote the Generation Of Premeta-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal circular RNA sorting mechanisms and their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer (Review)

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exosomes are nanoscale phospholipid bilayer vesicles that can be artificially engineered into vectors for the treatment of cancer. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of non-coding RNA, has crucial regulatory functions in various aspects of cancer, such as tumorigenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemo-and radiotherapeutic resistance, as well as in cancer prognosis. Notably, the exosomal transfer of circRNAs may function to both promote and inhibit cancer. Numerous studies have addressed the importance of circRNAs in cancer and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) in exosomes. However, little research has focussed on a class of RNAs called exosomal circRNAs. The present review discusses current studies regarding exosomal circRNAs, including their biogenesis and biological functions, their abundance in exosomes and possible sorting mechanisms and their potential roles in both promoting and inhibiting cancer. It is predicted that in the next five years there will be increasing research exploring the functional mechanisms of exosomal circRNA in various diseases, in particular their roles in cancer genesis and progression.

show abstract

Section: Exosomal Circrnas Promote the Generation Of Premeta-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal circular RNA sorting mechanisms and their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer (Review)

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…circRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that differ from linear RNA by their structure, a closed covalent loop lacking 3' or 5' polarity (13). circRNAs can sponge miRNAs through stable complementary binding and regulate gene expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

circRNA‑0006896‑miR1264‑DNMT1 axis plays an important role in carotid plaque destabilization by regulating the behavior of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascular wall with multiple causes. AS is the primary pathological basis of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Moreover, carotid plaque rupture and thrombus formation are the main causes of ischemic stroke. Therefore, understanding the formation of carotid plaques may help improve the prediction and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Endothelial cell dysfunction results in re-endothelialization and angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaques, thus promoting plaque destabilization. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of circular RNA (circRNA) molecules in serum exosomes (serum-Exos) from patients with stable plaque atherosclerosis (SA) and unstable/vulnerable plaque atherosclerosis (UA). Specifically, the effect of circRNA on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) behavior and the mechanisms underlying plaque destabilization in AS were evaluated. Serum-Exos were isolated, then identified using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. The serum-Exo-circRNA expression profile of patients with SA or UA was investigated using a circRNA array. The relationship between circRNA-006896 in serum-Exos and biochemical parameters of patients with SA and UA were analyzed using Spearman's correlation. In addition, HUVECs were incubated with serum-Exos for in vitro functional assays. The present study demonstrated that circRNAs expression profiles in SA and UA serum-Exos were significantly different, indicating a potential role for circRNAs in carotid plaque destabilization. The expression of circRNA-0006896 was positively correlated with triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and C-reactive protein levels, and negatively correlated with albumin levels in patients with UA. However, circRNA-0006896 expression was positively correlated with LDL-C in patients with SA. Using bioinformatic analysis, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was selected to study the regulatory roles of circRNA-0006896 in serum-Exos. Additionally, in HUVECs treated with serum-Exos derived from patients with UA, the expression of circRNA-0006896 in HUVECs was upregulated. This was accompanied by decreased expression of microRNA-1264 and SOCS3, increased levels of DNMT1 and phosphorylated STAT3. HUVEC proliferation and migration were significantly increased in the UA group, compared with the mock and SA groups. This finding indicates that the circRNA-0006896-miR-1264-DNMT1 axis plays an important role in carotid plaque destabilization by regulating the behavior of endothelial cells. Moreover, it suggests that circRNA-0006896 may represent a therapeutic target for controlling JNK/STAT3 signaling in HUVECs. Thus, this study may provide insight on potential interventions against vulnerable plaque formation in patients with AS.

show abstract

“…CircRNAs are derived from mRNA precursors and characterized by the covalently closed-ring single strand without 5 ′ cap or 3 ′ poly A tail structure (6,7). CircRNAs functionally interact with RNA regulatory proteins (8), adjust the stability and expression of mRNAs (9), and have the potential of translation (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulated hsa_circ_0005785 Facilitates Cell Growth and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through the miR-578/APRIL Axis

Kong

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although accumulating documents have expounded the pivotal position of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in hepatocarcinogenesis and progression, the overwhelming majority of their functions and molecular mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are elusive. Herein, we explored the functions and potential mechanisms of hsa_circ_0005785 in HCC, which was aberrantly overexpressed in HCC and related to HCC patients' TNM stage and overall survival. Moreover, hsa_circ_0005785 depletion could repress proliferation and metastasis of the HCC cell in vitro, lead to cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, and restrain HCC cell growth in vivo. Furthermore, mechanism analyses discovered that hsa_circ_0005785 adsorbed miR-578 by playing a miRNA sponge role, which resulted in the derepression of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) expression, miR-578's mRNA target. Besides, hsa_circ_0005785 reversed the suppressive influence of miR-578 on HCC and accelerated tumor malignant progression through the miR-578/APRIL axis. Taken together, our current study revealed an oncogenic role of hsa_circ_0005785 in the tumorigenesis of HCC. Moreover, targeting to the hsa_circ_0005785/miR-578/APRIL regulatory pathway might be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for HCC clinical practice.

show abstract

Circular RNA: Biogenesis, Degradation, Functions and Potential Roles in Mediating Resistance to Anticarcinogens

Cited by 88 publications

References 80 publications

Exosomal circular RNA sorting mechanisms and their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer (Review)

Exosomal circular RNA sorting mechanisms and their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer (Review)

circRNA‑0006896‑miR1264‑DNMT1 axis plays an important role in carotid plaque destabilization by regulating the behavior of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis

Upregulated hsa_circ_0005785 Facilitates Cell Growth and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through the miR-578/APRIL Axis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About