Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis among Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Toriola, Adetunji T.; Nguyen, Nhi; Scheitler, Kristen M.; Colditz, Graham A.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0053

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Currently, there are a number of studies published to assess the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and prognosis of patients with cancer [7,9,11,12,18,20,23]. The prognostic role of serum 25(OH)D levels has been found in two types of cancers including colorectal cancer and breast cancer, but its role in other types of cancers is still unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Guang-yun

et al. 2015

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels proved to be associated with prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer or breast cancer, but its prognostic role in hematological malignancies was still unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively evaluate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and prognosis of patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies evaluating the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and prognosis of patients with hematological malignancies. The hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for overall survival (OS) or relapse-free survival (RFS) were pooled using meta-analysis. Results: Seven studies with a total of 2,643 patients with hematological cancer were finally included into the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with normal serum 25(OH)D levels, low serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with both poorer OS (HR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.54-2.23, P <0.001) and poorer RFS (HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.70, P <0.001) in hematological malignancies. Subgroup analysis further showed that low serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with poorer OS and RFS in both lymphoma and leukemia. Conclusion: Low serum 25(OH)D levels are significantly associated with poorer prognosis in patients with hematological malignancies including lymphoma and leukemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Guang-yun

et al. 2015

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…Survival of colorectal cancer is positively associated with vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D). This association is observed in prospective cohort studies and is summarized in multiple reviews, including two meta-analyses (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). These meta-analyses were based on five prospective cohort studies in patients with colorectal cancer in which vitamin D status was measured pre-or postdiagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Inflammation, and Colorectal Cancer Progression: A Review of Mechanistic Studies and Future Directions for Epidemiological Studies

Harten-Gerritsen

Balvers

Witkamp

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Survival from colorectal cancer is positively associated with vitamin D status. However, whether this association is causal remains unclear. Inflammatory processes may link vitamin D to colorectal cancer survival, and therefore investigating inflammatory markers as potential mediators may be a valuable next step. This review starts with an overview of inflammatory processes suggested to be involved in colorectal cancer progression and regulated by vitamin D. Next, we provide recommendations on how to study inflammatory markers in future epidemiologic studies on vitamin D and colorectal cancer survival. Mechanistic studies have shown that calcitriol-active form of vitamin Dinfluences inflammatory processes involved in cancer progression, including the enzyme cyclooxygenase 2, the NF-kB pathway, and the expression of the cytokines TNFa, IL1b, IL6, IL8, IL17, and TGFb1. Based on this and taking into account methodologic issues, we recommend to include analysis of specific soluble peptides and proteins, such as cytokines, in future epidemiologic studies on this issue. Vitamin D and the markers should preferably be measured at multiple time points during disease progression or recovery and analyzed using mediation analysis. Including these markers in epidemiologic studies may help answer whether inflammation mediates a causal relationship between vitamin D and colorectal cancer survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(12); 1820-8. Ó2015 AACR.

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“…57,58 Vitamin D Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be associated with an increased risk of death from breast cancer. 59,60 Vitamin D exhibits pro-differentiation and anti-proliferation properties.…”

Section: Vitamins C and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…57,58 • Low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at diagnosis have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer mortality. [59][60][61][62] However, randomized trials are needed to determine whether supplementation improves prognosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lifestyle modifications for patients with breast cancer to improve prognosis and optimize overall health

Hamer

Warner

2017

CMAJ

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A lthough more than 90% of patients with breast cancer have early stage disease at diagnosis, about 25% will eventually die of distant metastasis.1 Many patients with breast cancer seek information from a variety of sources about behaviours that may reduce their risk of recurrence.2 Making positive lifestyle changes can also be psychologically beneficial to patients by empowering them, since the feeling of loss of control is one of biggest challenges of a cancer diagnosis.In this review, we identify which lifestyle changes can be recommended to patients as an adjunct to standard breast cancer treatments, to reduce their risk of distant recurrence and death. We review the role of lifestyle factors, particularly weight management, exercise, diet, smoking, alcohol intake and vitamin supplementation, on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Our literature search is summarized in Box 1.It is challenging to study lifestyle factors independently, because patients who are more physically active often are leaner, eat a healthier diet and are typically less likely to drink excessive amounts of alcohol or smoke; however, many studies try to adjust for these confounders.3 Another limitation is the potential impact of lifestyle factors before diagnosis. 4 Regrettably, but understandably, we found very few randomized trials. How does body weight influence the prognosis for breast cancer?Women who gain weight during or after treatment of breast cancer have been consistently shown to be at higher risk of breast cancer-related death.5-7 Also, women who are overweight or obese at the time of diagnosis have a poorer prognosis.8 Proposed mechanisms of how obesity might affect breast cancer mortality include a rise in circulating insulin-like growth factor, elevated circulating sex hormones and production of proinflammatory cytokines.9-12 Another possible mechanism is metabolic syndrome (presence of at least three of the following five components: abdominal obesity, hypertension, low level of highdensity lipoproteins, high plasma glucose level and high triglyceride levels). 13 In a recent study involving early stage breast cancer survivors, patients with metabolic syndrome were at significantly increased risk of distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR] 2.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-4.82) compared with those without the syndrome. 13Most patients with breast cancer gain weight both during and after active treatment, and much of the weight is never lost. The average reported weight gain is 2.5-5 kg, 5 but a gain of 10 kg or more is not uncommon.14 The reasons for weight gain are multifactorial and include "stress eating," reduced activity because of fatigue or other treatment-related adverse effects, lowered metabolic rate from chemotherapy, and use of pre-and post-chemotherapy medications such as dexamethasone.14 Weight gain is most common in women who experience treatment-related menopause and is often accompanied by relative fat gain and muscle loss. 15Several observational studies have shown that gaining weight dur...

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Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis among Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis in Hematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vitamin D, Inflammation, and Colorectal Cancer Progression: A Review of Mechanistic Studies and Future Directions for Epidemiological Studies

Lifestyle modifications for patients with breast cancer to improve prognosis and optimize overall health

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