Circulating endothelial glycocalyx components as a predictive marker of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease

Ohnishi, Yuji; Yasudo, Hiroki; Suzuki, Yasuo; Furuta, Takahisa; Matsuguma, Chie; Azuma, Yoshihiro; Miyake, Akiko; Okada, Seigo; Ichihara, Kiyoshi; Ohga, Shouichi; Hasegawa, Shunji

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.05.045

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…227 However, two studies have reported elevations in sdc-1 and HA in patients with cardiovascular disease. 159,184 Support for compensatory reaction(s) can be inferred from an in vivo study of the glycocalyx in sdc-1 knock-out (KO) mice where Savery et al used micro-particle velocimetry to determine the presence of a hydrodynamically significant cell surface layer. 249 They observed no difference in wild-type vs. sdc-1 KO mice and concluded that sdc-1 was not necessary for the existence of an endothelial glycocalyx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human glycocalyx shedding: Systematic review and critical appraisal

Hahn

Patel

Dull

2021

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human glycocalyx shedding: Systematic review and critical appraisal

Hahn

Patel

Dull

2021

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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“…Surprisingly, circulating endothelial glycocalyx components (syndecan-1 and hyaluronan) were significantly elevated at the acute phase, and serum hyaluronan was determined as the biomarker that is the best predictor of future development of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease [ 98 ]. Serum levels of soluble syndecan-1 (sCD138), one of the major core proteins expressed on the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, is considered to reflect vascular endothelial damage and inflammation in Kawasaki disease [ 99 ].…”

Section: Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome and Vascular Endothelial Glymentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial glycocalyx damage as a systemic inflammatory microvascular endotheliopathy in COVID-19

Yamaoka‐Tojo

2020

Biomedical Journal

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In atherosclerosis patients, vascular endothelial dysfunction is commonly observed alongside damage of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx, an extracellular matrix bound to and encapsulating the endothelial cells lining the blood vessel wall. Although atherosclerotic risk factors have been reported in severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the exact mechanisms are unclear. The mortality associated with the COVID-19 outbreak is increased by comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cardiovascular disease. Besides, older individuals and smokers have significantly worse outcomes. Interestingly, these comorbidities and risk factors are consistent with the pathophysiology that causes vascular endothelial glycocalyx damage. Moreover, vascular glycocalyx dysfunction causes microvascular leakage, which results in interstitial pulmonary abnormal shadows (multiple patchy shadows with a ground glass inter-pneumonic appearance). This is frequently followed by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), closely related to coagulo-fibrinolytic changes contributing to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, as well as inducing activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to thromboembolism and multiple organ failure. Notably, SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, binds to ACE2, which is abundantly present not only in human epithelia of the lung and the small intestine, but also in vascular endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells. Moreover, COVID-19 can induce severe septic shock, and sepsis can easily lead to systemic degradation of the vascular endothelial glycocalyx. In the current review, we propose new concepts and therapeutic goals for COVID-19-related vascular endothelial glycocalyx damage, based on previous vascular endothelial medicine research.

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“…Hyaluronic acid degradation products are significantly elevated in plasma from the COVID-19 case patient, suggesting that the microvascular endothelial cell luminal surface has been pathologically altered. Disruption of the endothelial glycocalyx is associated with vascular lesions and barrier dysfunction in KD (13), as well as decreased endothelial nitric oxide production and increased platelet/endothelium adhesion (21), Endothelial cell injury was supported in the COVID-19 case patient by the parallel elevation of soluble P-selectin, an endothelial/platelet glycoprotein that mediates adhesive intercellular interactions (22). Elevated plasma hyaluronic acid found in KD patients slowly decreases after IVIg treatment, normalizing at the time of discharge in the convalescent phase (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Inflammation and Endothelial Injury Profiling of COVID-19 Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C)

et al. 2021

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Introduction: COVID-19 is associated with a novel multi-system inflammatory syndrome that shares some characteristics with Kawasaki's Disease. The syndrome manifestation is delayed relative to COVID-19 onset, with a spectrum of clinical severity. Clinical signs may include persistent fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac inflammation and/or shock.Case Presentation: We measured 59 inflammatory and endothelial injury plasma analytes in an adolescent girl that presented with malaise, fever, cough, strawberry tongue and jaundice. Her COVID-19 status was positive with detection of 2 SARS-CoV-2 viral genes using polymerase chain reaction. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin prior to blood draw, but our plasma measurements suggested a unique analyte expression pattern associated with inflammation, endothelial injury and microvascular glycocalyx degradation.Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with a multi-system inflammatory syndrome and a unique inflammatory and endothelial injury signature.Summary: Analyte markers of inflammation and endothelial cell injury might serve as putative biomarkers and/or be investigated further as potential therapeutic targets.

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Circulating endothelial glycocalyx components as a predictive marker of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Human glycocalyx shedding: Systematic review and critical appraisal

Human glycocalyx shedding: Systematic review and critical appraisal

Endothelial glycocalyx damage as a systemic inflammatory microvascular endotheliopathy in COVID-19

Case Report: Inflammation and Endothelial Injury Profiling of COVID-19 Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C)

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