Circulating levels of cell adhesion molecules and risk of cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are increased in OSA and CAM are also implicated in the development of CVD. Research question Do CAM (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) have prognostic value in identifying risk of cardiovascular events in OSA? Study design and methods Patients with suspected OSA referred for a polysomnogram provided a fasting blood sample. Plasma levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin were determined by multiplex Luminex Assay (Milliporesigma ON, Canada). Cardiovascular events were determined by deterministic linkage to provincial health databases. Results 418 patients were included in the analysis. Mostly male (68.2%), mean age of 50.7 yrs, median AHI 16.5 events/hour, and mean BMI of 31.7 kg/m2. 36 cardiovascular events occurred in 8-yrs of follow up. Higher levels of ICAM-1 were associated with developing CVD (HR = 3.65 95% CI 1.40–9.53, 2nd and 3rd tertiles vs. 1st tertile), including in patients with OSA (HR = 3.1 95% CI 1.16–8.25). E-selectin was significantly associated with cardiovascular events in patients with moderate to severe OSA (HR = 3.31 95% CI 0.94–11.72, 2nd and 3rd tertiles vs. 1st tertile) but not in patients without moderate to severe OSA (HR = 0.67 95% CI 0.19–2.38), p-value for interaction = 0.07. Interpretation In a suspected OSA cohort, patients with higher levels of ICAM-1 (>816 ng/ml) were significantly more likely to experience a cardiovascular event within 8 years after PSG. In moderate to severe OSA patients, a higher E-selectin (>36.4 ng/ml) was significantly associated with cardiovascular events.

Serum VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1 measurement assists for MACE risk estimation in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction patients

“…At the same time, VCAM‐1 independently forecasts cardiovascular events risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients 21 . In terms of ICAM‐1, it is linked to cardiovascular event risk in obstructive sleep apnea patients 22 . The current study discovered that both VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1 were positively linked with MACE risk.…”

“…21 In terms of ICAM-1, it is linked to cardiovascular event risk in obstructive sleep apnea patients. 22 The current study discovered that both VCAM- Some limitations might exist in this study: (1) this was a singlecenter study; thus, selection and regional bias might exist;…”

“…Vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 and ICAM‐1 serve as risk factors to indicate adverse cardiovascular events in several complex disease patients 20–22 . According to a previous study, VCAM‐1 predicts MACE in peripheral arterial disease patients 20 .…”

“…16 With Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and ICAM-1 serve as risk factors to indicate adverse cardiovascular events in several complex disease patients. [20][21][22] According to a previous study, VCAM-1 predicts MACE in peripheral arterial disease patients. 20 At the same time, VCAM-1 independently forecasts cardiovascular events risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.…”

The Association of Oxidative and Antioxidant Potential with Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in the Group of 60- to 65-Year-Old Seniors from Central Poland

“…A similar situation can be assessed for several markers of inflammation, which have been acknowledged as potential cardiovascular risk triggers. Among them are cell adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) [ 14 , 15 ]. The above-mentioned data lead to the inclusion of those risk factors in the study, which allow to investigate the linkage between oxidative stress and cardiometabolic risk in an innovative way.…”