Circulating Long RNAs in Serum Extracellular Vesicles: Their Characterization and Potential Application as Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

Dong, Lei; Lin, Wanrun; Pan, Qi; Xu, Mi Die; Wu, Xiaoben; Ni, Shujuan; Huang, Dan; Weng, Wen Jian; Tan, Cong; Sheng, Weiqi; Zhou, Xiaoyan; Du, Xiang

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0006

Cited by 188 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, lncRNAs in extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, could offer a novel, enriched source of lncRNAs. These exosomes have been found to harbor disease-derived specific lncRNAs, which were significantly different between patients and normal controls (64). Qu et al found that the exosome-transmitted lncRNA activated in renal cell carcinoma with sunitinib resistance (ARSR) potentially affects the chemosensitivity of cancer cells (65).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNAs act as regulators of cell autophagy in diseases

Xu¹,

Yan²,

Qian³

et al. 2017

Oncology Reports

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Identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has provided a substantial increase in our understanding of the non-coding transcriptome. Studies have revealed a crucial function of lncRNAs in the modulation of cell autophagy in vitro and in vivo, further contributing to the hallmarks of disease phenotypes. These findings have profoundly altered our understanding of disease pathobiology, and may lead to the emergence of new biological concepts underlying autophagy-associated diseases, such as the carcinomas. Studies on the molecular mechanism of the lncRNA-autophagy axis may offer additional avenues for therapeutic intervention and biomarker assessment. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the multiple molecular roles of regulatory lncRNAs in the signaling pathways of cell autophagy. The emerging knowledge in this rapidly advancing field will offer novel insights into human diseases, especially cancers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNAs act as regulators of cell autophagy in diseases

Xu¹,

Yan²,

Qian³

et al. 2017

Oncology Reports

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“…The value of circulating lncRNA in predicting cancer is an intensely researched topic (28), but just a few papers assess if the lncRNAs are traveling via exosomes. There are three advantages in using exosomal lncRNAs as biomarkers: (I) lncRNAs inside the exosome are protected from RNases and can be presumed that the integrity and function of the lncRNAs are not altered (29); (II) the quantity of exosomal lncRNAs is high compared to other types of EVs (30); and (III) the expression of many lncRNAs is tissue specific (31). Therefore, profiling the exosomal lncRNAs can lead to the development of valuable diagnostic markers.…”

Section: Exosome Lncrnas As Potential Cancer Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of two exosomal mRNAs and one lncRNA—breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4), showed a good cancer prediction efficiency, with an AUC of 0.877. Furthermore, exosomal BCAR4 was also found decreased in the serum of patients with colon adenoma compared to healthy subjects, suggesting its low level plays a role in the CRC development (30). An increased level of tumor released lncRNA, colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed-h (CRNDE-h) was found in the exosomes of CRC patients proving its efficiency in identifying these neoplastic patients.…”

Section: Exosome Lncrnas As Potential Cancer Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal lncRNAs as new players in cell-to-cell communication

2018

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Neoplastic cells use various intercellular communication mechanisms in order to adapt to the local microenvironment, manipulate the immune system, and facilitate metastasis. Exosomes release is a new mechanism of cell-to-cell communication. These nanovesicles enclose various types of molecules including lipids, proteins, DNA, messenger RNA (mRNA) and non-coding RNAs [microRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)]. lncRNAs are over 200 nt long transcripts, that exhibit no coding potential, but are crucial regulators of physiological processes and are deregulated in cancer. In this review, we will discuss the role of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer, which is an incipient research field that could bring new insights to the vast domain of intercellular communication. Exosomal lncRNAs seem to be promising biomarkers for any type of cancer. The exact role of exosomal lncRNAs is not fully revealed. Several studies show that cancer derived exosomal lncRNAs are functional and can transmit to neighboring cells different phenotypic patterns, like drug resistance and increased angiogenesis. We further discuss the mechanistic function of exosomal lncRNAs, and hypothesize that the crowded exosomal content can be a suitable place of RNA species crosstalk. Finally, we assume that lncRNAs could be a loading vehicle for miRNAs, mRNAs and other complex molecules into the exosome but future studies are required to confirm these hypotheses.

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“…We list some lncRNAs with potential prognostic value for CRC diagnosis and therapy in Table 2. Recent studies showed that the combination of two exosomal mRNAs, KRTAP5-4 and MAGEA3 and one exosomal lncRNA, BCAR4 in serum could be potential candidates to detected CRC [146]. Moreover, by detecting 13 lncRNAs in serum samples from 71 CRC patients and 70 healthy individuals, it was suggested that a three- lncRNA signature (LOC285194, rp11-462C24.1 and Nbla12061) show potential as a diagnostic marker for CRC.…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of long noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer metastasis

Huang

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common malignancies worldwide. Metastasis is responsible for more than 90% CRC patients' death. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of transcribed RNA molecules greater than 200 nucleotides in length. With the development of whole genome sequencing technologies, they have been gained more attention. Accumulating evidences suggest that abnormal expression of lncRNAs in diverse diseases are involved in various biological functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and differentiation by acting as epigenetic, splicing, transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulators. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has also been found in CRC. Besides, recent studies have indicated that lncRNAs play important roles in tumourigenesis and cancer metastasis. They participate in the process of metastasis by activing or inhibiting the metastatic pathways. However, their functions on the development of cancer metastasis are poorly understood. In this review, we highlight the findings of roles for lncRNAs in CRC metastasis and review the metastatic pathways of lncRNAs leading to cancer metastasis in CRC, including escape of apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis and invasion, migration and proliferation. Furthermore, we also discuss the potential clinical application of lncRNAs in CRC as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

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Circulating Long RNAs in Serum Extracellular Vesicles: Their Characterization and Potential Application as Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 188 publications

References 33 publications

Long non-coding RNAs act as regulators of cell autophagy in diseases

Long non-coding RNAs act as regulators of cell autophagy in diseases

Exosomal lncRNAs as new players in cell-to-cell communication

Roles of long noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer metastasis

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