Circulating Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers in Cancer

Chiodi, Ilaria; Scovassi, A. Ivana; Mondello, Chiara

doi:10.1002/9781119023647.ch16

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…Rapid, non-invasive strategies for testing and routine monitoring of changes at the cellular level are critical toward understanding chemical and molecular carcinogenesis and preventing symptomatic onset of devastating diseases such as cancer (1,2). Liquid biopsies, consisting of blood or other bodily fluids, are gaining considerable interest in the scientific community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofluids contain a wealth of potential information that could be harnessed toward detecting early cancerous phenotypes (individual or multiple cancers simultaneously) and monitoring response to anticancer therapeutics (3)(4)(5)(6). Numerous proteins and nucleic acids, both free-floating and encapsulated within extracellular vesicles (EVs), are released from the cells of internal tissues and are present in extracellular fluids (2,7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: toward precision prevention using extracellular vesicles

Silver,

Kreutz,

Weick

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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Detrimental side effects of drugs like doxorubicin, which can cause cardiotoxicity, pose barriers for preventing cancer progression, or treating cancer early through molecular interception. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are valued for their potential as biomarkers of human health, chemical and molecular carcinogenesis, and therapeutics to treat disease at the cellular level. EVs are released both during normal growth and in response to toxicity and cellular death, playing key roles in cellular communication. Consequently, EVs may hold promise as precision biomarkers and therapeutics to prevent or offset damaging off-target effects of chemotherapeutics. EVs have promise as biomarkers of impending cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapies and as cardioprotective therapeutic agents. However, EVs can also mediate cardiotoxic cues, depending on the identity and past events of their parent cells. Understanding how EVs mediate signaling is critical toward implementing EVs as therapeutic agents to mitigate cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapies. For example, it remains unclear how mixtures of EV populations from cells exposed to toxins or undergoing different stages of cell death contribute to signaling across cardiac tissues. Here, we present our perspective on the outlook of EVs as future clinical tools to mitigate chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, both as biomarkers of impending cardiotoxicity and as cardioprotective agents. Also, we discuss how heterogeneous mixtures of EVs and transient exposures to toxicants may add complexity to predicting outcomes of exogenously applied EVs. Elucidating how EV cargo and signaling properties change during dynamic cellular events may aid precision prevention of cardiotoxicity in anticancer treatments and development of safer chemotherapeutics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: toward precision prevention using extracellular vesicles

Silver,

Kreutz,

Weick

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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Application of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction of plasma methylated septin 9 on detection and early monitoring of colorectal cancer

Yao

Chan

Lau

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Methylated septin 9 (SEPT9) has been approved for non-invasive screening of colorectal cancer (CRC), but data on monitoring of CRC is sparse. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), with higher detection precision and simpler quantification than conventional PCR, has not been applied in SEPT9 detection. We explored the role of SEPT9 ddPCR for CRC detection and to measure serial SEPT9 levels in blood samples of CRC patients before and 3-month after surgery. SEPT9 methylated ratio, methylated abundance, and CEA levels were all higher in CRC patients than normal controls (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for methylated ratio and abundance to detect CRC was 0.707 and 0.710, respectively. There was an increasing trend for SEPT9 methylated abundance from proximal to distal cancers (P = 0.017). At 3-month after surgery, both methylated abundance and ratio decreased (P = 0.005 and 0.053, respectively), especially methylated abundance in stage III and distal cancer (both P < 0.01). We have developed a ddPCR platform for the quantitative detection of plasma SEPT9 in CRC patients. SEPT9 methylated abundance had an early post-operative decline, which may be useful in monitoring of treatment response.

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Circulating Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers in Cancer

Cited by 2 publications

References 251 publications

Biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: toward precision prevention using extracellular vesicles

Biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: toward precision prevention using extracellular vesicles

Application of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction of plasma methylated septin 9 on detection and early monitoring of colorectal cancer

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