Circulating Selenium and Cardiovascular or All-Cause Mortality in the General Population: a Meta-Analysis

Xiang, Shouyan; Dai, Zhe; Man, Changfeng; Fan, Yu

doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01847-8

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“… 26 28 29 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 We found 3318 systematic reviews of cohort studies, from which 46 systematic reviews of cohort studies (with matching systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials) were included (supplementary fig 2, and supplementary table 4). 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 27 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recalculated 34 pooled estimates from 21 systematic reviews. 21 24 25 26 27 40 48 56 61 71 72 77 80 83 86 89 91 92 96 101 102 The number of primary studies contributing to the 97 diet-disease outcome pairs ranged from 1 to 64 (median 6) for BoE from randomised controlled trials, and from 1 to 68 (median 7) for BoE from cohort studies (overall >950 trials and >750 cohort studies). The total number of participants ranged from 56 to 211 957 for BoE from randomised controlled trials, and from 2563 to 1 797 670 for BoE from cohort studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study

Schwingshackl

Balduzzi

Beyerbach

et al. 2021

BMJ

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Objective To evaluate the agreement between diet-disease effect estimates of bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and those from cohort studies in nutrition research, and to investigate potential factors for disagreement. Design Meta-epidemiological study. Data sources Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Medline. Review methods Population, intervention or exposure, comparator, outcome (PI/ECO) elements from a body of evidence from cohort studies (BoE(CS)) were matched with corresponding elements of a body of evidence from randomised controlled trials (BoE(RCT)). Pooled ratio of risk ratios or difference of mean differences across all diet-disease outcome pairs were calculated. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore factors for disagreement. Heterogeneity was assessed through I 2 and τ 2 . Prediction intervals were calculated to assess the range of possible values for the difference in the results between evidence from randomised controlled trials and evidence from cohort studies in future comparisons. Results 97 diet-disease outcome pairs (that is, matched BoE(RCT) and BoE(CS)) were identified overall. For binary outcomes, the pooled ratio of risk ratios comparing estimates from BoE(RCT) with BoE(CS) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.14; I 2 =68%; τ 2 =0.021; 95% prediction interval 0.81 to 1.46). The prediction interval indicated that the difference could be much more substantial, in either direction. We further explored heterogeneity and found that PI/ECO dissimilarities, especially for the comparisons of dietary supplements in randomised controlled trials and nutrient status in cohort studies, explained most of the differences. When the type of intake or exposure between both types of evidence was identical, the estimates were similar. For continuous outcomes, small differences were observed between randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. Conclusion On average, the difference in pooled results between estimates from BoE(RCT) and BoE(CS) was small. But wide prediction intervals and some substantial statistical heterogeneity in cohort studies indicate that important differences or potential bias in individual comparisons or studies cannot be excluded. Observed differences were mainly driven by dissimilarities in population, intervention or exposure, comparator, and outcome. These findings could help researchers further understand the integration of such evidence into prospective nutrition evidence syntheses and improve evidence based dietary guidelines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study

Schwingshackl

Balduzzi

Beyerbach

et al. 2021

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In analyzing 14 prospective observational cohort studies, Flores-Mateo and colleagues [ 129 ] reported high selenium vs. low selenium had a pooled relative risk (RR) of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74–0.99) for acute coronary artery disease. Similarly, Zhang and colleagues [ 130 ] reported that the high selenium group had significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the lowest selenium group (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76–0.99) using prospective studies with blood/plasma or erythrocyte Se measurements The association of Se with mortality was also analyzed in another recent meta-analysis by Xiang et al [ 131 ] that solely focused on observational studies. These results found that low circulating Se was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (RR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18–1.58), and cardiovascular mortality (RR1.35; 95% CI, 1.13–1.63) but did not have a significant association with coronary mortality.…”

Section: Se and The Risk Of Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results found that low circulating Se was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (RR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18–1.58), and cardiovascular mortality (RR1.35; 95% CI, 1.13–1.63) but did not have a significant association with coronary mortality. Interestingly, subgroup analysis [ 131 , 132 ] suggested that the effects of low Se were more evident in European populations compared to other populations, possibly due to the lower baseline Se levels in the soil and diets in these regions.…”

Section: Se and The Risk Of Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium, a Micronutrient That Modulates Cardiovascular Health via Redox Enzymology

2021

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Selenium (Se) is a trace nutrient that promotes human health through its incorporation into selenoproteins in the form of the redox-active amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). There are 25 selenoproteins in humans, and many of them play essential roles in the protection against oxidative stress. Selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, play an important role in the reduction of hydrogen and lipid hydroperoxides, and regulate the redox status of Cys in proteins. Emerging evidence suggests a role for endoplasmic reticulum selenoproteins, such as selenoproteins K, S, and T, in mediating redox homeostasis, protein modifications, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Selenoprotein P, which functions as a carrier of Se to tissues, also participates in regulating cellular reactive oxygen species. Cellular reactive oxygen species are essential for regulating cell growth and proliferation, protein folding, and normal mitochondrial function, but their excess causes cell damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, and promotes inflammatory responses. Experimental evidence indicates a role for individual selenoproteins in cardiovascular diseases, primarily by modulating the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species. This review examines the roles that selenoproteins play in regulating vascular and cardiac function in health and disease, highlighting their antioxidant and redox actions in these processes.

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“…A meta- analysis report by Xiang et al (2020) validated that circulating selenium levels do not influence the mortality rate of coronary diseases and the supplements do not help much ( Witham et al, 2009 ). Vinceti et al (2019) in their study have shown that increased exposure to selenium resulted in increased blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Micronutrients-Calcium, Vitamin D, Selenium, Zinc in Cardiovascular Health: A Mini Review

2021

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The role of micronutrients in health and disease has increased the curiosity and interest among researchers. The prime focus of this review is the significance of trace elements- calcium, vitamin D, selenium and zinc with cardiovascular health. WHO identified cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as the leading cause of deaths globally. Identifying the risk factors that could be modified and creating new treatment strategies remains to be the main concern for CVD prevention. The data that showed the relationship between trace elements and various ways in which they may contribute to cardiovascular health and disease from clinical trials and observational studies were collected from databases such as PubMed and Embase. Based on these collected data, it shows that either high or low circulating serum levels can be associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Micronutrients through diet contribute to improved cardiac health. However, due to our current lifestyle, there is a huge dependency on dietary supplements. Based on the observational studies, it is evident that supplements cause sudden increase in the circulating levels of the nutrients and result in cardiovascular damage. Thus, it is advisable to restrict the use of supplements, owing to the potent risks it may cause. In order to understand the exact mechanism between micronutrients and cardiac health, more clinical studies are required.

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Circulating Selenium and Cardiovascular or All-Cause Mortality in the General Population: a Meta-Analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study

Evaluating agreement between bodies of evidence from randomised controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition research: meta-epidemiological study

Selenium, a Micronutrient That Modulates Cardiovascular Health via Redox Enzymology

The Impact of Micronutrients-Calcium, Vitamin D, Selenium, Zinc in Cardiovascular Health: A Mini Review

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