Circulating triglycerides and bile acids are reduced by a soluble wheat arabinoxylan via modulation of bile concentration and lipid digestion rates in a pig model

Abstract

The results suggest that AXRF reduced the levels of circulating BAs which slowed down the digestion of TAG and absorption of free fatty acids, with consequent reduction in blood TAG. Reduction in circulating bile acids by arabinoxylan causes reduction in lipids digestion and absorption.

Reduction in circulating bile acid and restricted diffusion across the intestinal epithelium are associated with a decrease in blood cholesterol in the presence of oat β‐glucan

“…The digesta and blood results give more information on the reabsorption of the BAs from different small intestine sites into the blood circulation. The significant decreases in TBA and the primary BAs CDCA and HCA in the Mid Jeju, Ter Ileu, and JV suggest that there were lower levels of BAs circulating in the BG diet group and are in accordance with a recent report that showed that a wheat AX-enriched fraction supplementation of the diet of a pig model reduced the concentrations of circulating BAs (24). There was a large drop in BA concentration between the Ter Ileu and cecum of control pigs, but there was no change between these sites in pigs fed the BG diet.…”

“…As discussed in Gunness et al . (24), diet seems to be an important factor in the modulation of circulating BAs. Indeed, in both experiments, without SDFs in the diets, the BA profiles were different: HDCA was more abundant with the Western‐style diet (24), and with the present diet containing 2% cholesterol as animal lipids, CDCA was more abundant.…”

“…(24), diet seems to be an important factor in the modulation of circulating BAs. Indeed, in both experiments, without SDFs in the diets, the BA profiles were different: HDCA was more abundant with the Western‐style diet (24), and with the present diet containing 2% cholesterol as animal lipids, CDCA was more abundant. Furthermore, changes in the secondary BA profiles in the presence of SDFs of similar nature suggest favorablechanges in thegut microbiomesas the current results show that in the presence of BG, compared to the control, microbial transformation enhances the formation of UDCA and decreases that of LCA (Fig.…”

“…It is also suggested that these changes in BA profiles increase the hydrophobicity index that is detected by the BA sensors, thus modulating the concentrations of specific circulating BAs. In the liver, the complex FXR‐BA may further down‐regulate the gene expression of CYP7A1, thereby decreasing the amounts of primary BAs synthesized from cholesterol (24). Further studies on gene expression are warranted to test the mechanisms underlying how SDFs exert their action from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver.…”

Enteroids for Nutritional Studies

“…used an intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pig model to explore the influence of postnatal nutrition restriction on the oxidative status of neonates, and the study revealed that postnatal nutrition restriction induced compromised antioxidant defense systems in IUGR pigs . It was demonstrated that a soluble wheat arabinoxylan‐rich fraction (AXRF) decreased the concentrations of triglycerides and bile acids (BAs) in serum, which in turn retarded the metabolism of triacylglycerol and absorption of free fatty acids in pig models . High‐fat/low‐fiber or low‐fat/high‐fiber diets reported to influence intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites, further suggesting that pigs are a promising model system to study diet–gut microbiota interactions in humans …”