CKDu: the known unknowns

Abeyagunawardena, A S; Shroff, Rukshana

doi:10.1007/s00467-020-04596-2

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Biomarkers that are tubular specific are excreted at an initial stage of CKDu and can be specific and sensitive for screening and early diagnosis of CKDu. 19 Biomarkers that are sensitive to tubular injury, like urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-to-creatinine ratio, are more suitable for early diagnosis of CKDu than ACR. 20 Similarly, urinary kidney injury molecule−1(KIM-1) can serve as an early marker of CKDu.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Purposeful Review to Identify Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatment and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology</p>

Abdissa¹

2020

IJNRD

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The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has risen, and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) contributes considerably to the national burden of CKD. It is characterized by irreversible, slowly advancing disease, and symptoms often appear in the late stages of the disease. It is a serious, novel cause of kidney failure and leads to premature deaths. Many hypotheses have emerged; however, the etiology of CKDu continues to be elusive and debatable and it is claimed that the etiology is multifactorial, encompassing environmental, genetic, occupational, and social factors. The dominant histopathological feature is chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. It predominantly affects individuals with low socio-economic status, of working age, largely without chronic comorbidities, who perform strenuous labor in extreme conditions in various tropical areas of the world. It is often fatal due to fast progression and limited access to dialysis or transplant options in the involved geographic areas. Early recognition and appropriate interventions at the earliest possible stage are imperative for decreasing its associated morbidity and mortality. In this review, I tried to summarize available evidence on the risk factors, epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, and prevention of CKDu. The literature search for this review was conducted comprehensively by using different electronic databases and by using appropriate search terms.

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Section: Diagnosis and Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Purposeful Review to Identify Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatment and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology</p>

Abdissa¹

2020

IJNRD

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“…As for the study ndings, farming members and laborers as expected showed the highest average of serum creatinine levels (Table 17) present this supports my study objective where occupation has a signi cant role to play in occurrence of CKDu. These people have high muscle breakdown hence resulting in increased serum creatinine levels present in the body (Abeyagunawardena and Shroff, 2020). Two signi cant variables of gender and occupation data obtained from the study were compared against serum creatinine and eGFR levels (Figures 14 and 15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Social and Occupational Risk Factors Associated with CKDu Patients in an Agricultural Community in Kebithigollewa, Sri Lanka

Lowe

Kumarasinghe

2021

Preprint

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Aim: To identify the social and occupational risk factors associated with CKDu patients living in an agricultural community in Kebithigollewa, Sri Lanka.Methods: A three months community based cross sectional study was done involving 30 CKDu diagnosed patients who were attending the CKDu Ayurvedic Clinic at Kebithigollewa, North Central Province (NCP), Sri Lanka and 30 controls were taken from the same region. Socioeconomic and socio-demographic data was collected from the participants with the use of an interview administered questionnaire. Heights and weights were the anthropometric data measured for the study. Blood samples were collected as biochemical data which was later analysed using an automated blood analyser. Data collected was computerized and analysed using software Graphpad Prism 8 and SPSS version 20.Results: All the participants of the research were active residents living in the North Central Province (NCP) since birth. 83.34% of the CKDu affected individuals were from the 4th to 7th decade of life and 70% of them were males. 86.66% of the affected population carried out agricultural practices as their main source of income with chena and paddy cultivation being the common practice followed. 96.66% of the affected were from low income families who earned 0-20000 LKR per month. 40% of the affected have had only up to five years of school education. 63.33% of the CKDu patients were overweight. A significant correlation of 0.642218 was shown by Cramer’s V square test between Number of working hours/day and serum creatinine, indicating a strong association, but did not have a significant nominal logistic regression.Conclusion: Serum creatinine was high in farmers and laborers indicating that occupation impacts CKDu occurrence and progression. It was also high in age group 31-50yrs showing a significant relationship with serum creatinine which indicates the social impact on CKDu occurrence. A statistically significance of P<0.05 was shown by number of working hours and BMI.

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“…As for the study findings, farming members and laborers as expected showed the highest average of serum creatinine levels (Table 17) present this supports my study objective where occupation has a significant role to play in occurrence of CKDu. These people have high muscle breakdown hence resulting in increased serum creatinine levels present in the body [29,30]. Two significant variables of gender and occupation data obtained from the study were compared against serum creatinine and eGFR levels (Figures 14 and 15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Social and Occupational Risk Factors Associated with CKDu (Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology) Patients Living in an Agricultural Community in Kebithigollewa, Sri Lanka

Lowe¹,

Kumarasinghe²

2021

Int J Nephrol Kidney Fail

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CKDu: the known unknowns

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

<p>Purposeful Review to Identify Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatment and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology</p>

<p>Purposeful Review to Identify Risk Factors, Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatment and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology</p>

Identification of Social and Occupational Risk Factors Associated with CKDu Patients in an Agricultural Community in Kebithigollewa, Sri Lanka

Identification of Social and Occupational Risk Factors Associated with CKDu (Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology) Patients Living in an Agricultural Community in Kebithigollewa, Sri Lanka

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