Classical Love number for quantum black holes

Brustein, Ram; Sherf, Yotam

doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.024044

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For UCOs, the sign of the Love number is also, generically, negative, and it is associated with the negative pressure required to make them compact enough. This will be discussed in detail in a future publication [30].…”

Section: Quantum Love Numbersmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Quantum Love

Brustein,

Sherf

2020

Preprint

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The response of a gravitating object to an external tidal field is encoded in its Love numbers, which identically vanish for classical blackholes (BHs). Here we show, using standard time-independent quantum perturbation theory, that for a quantum BH, generically, the Love numbers are nonvanishing and negative, and that their magnitude depends on the lowest lying levels of the quantum spectrum of the BH. We calculate the quadrupolar electric quantum Love number of nonrotating BHs and show that it depends most strongly on the first excited level of the quantum BH. We then compare our results to the same Love number of exotic ultra compact objects and to that of classical compact stars and highlight their different parametric dependence. Finally, we discuss the detectability of the quadrupolar quantum Love number in future precision gravitational-wave observations and show that, under favourable circumstances, its magnitude is large enough to imprint an observable signature on the gravitational waves emitted during the inspiral phase of two moderately spinning BHs.

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Section: Quantum Love Numbersmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…(3.2) calculate the Love number k 2 ∼ α 8π 2 . We will discuss the differences between our model and the above models and their origin in detail in a separate publication [30].…”

Section: Electric Quadrupolar Quantum Love Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Love

Brustein,

Sherf

2020

Preprint

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“…The relativistic theory of TLNs was introduced in refs. [3][4][5] and applied to a variety of compact objects, from neutron stars, black holes to more exotic self-gravitating systems [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. As first shown in refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hidden symmetry of the static response of black holes: applications to Love numbers

Achour¹,

Livine

Mukohyama

et al. 2022

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We show that any static linear perturbations around Schwarzschild black holes enjoy a set of conserved charges which forms a centrally extended Schrödinger algebra $$ \mathfrak{sh} $$ sh (1) = $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$ sl (2, ℝ) ⋉ $$ \mathcal{H} $$ H . The central charge is given by the black hole mass, echoing results on black hole entropy from near-horizon diffeomorphism symmetry. The finite symmetry transformations generated by these conserved charges correspond to Galilean and conformal transformations of the static field and of the coordinates. This new structure allows one to discuss the static response of a Schwarzschild black hole in the test field approximation from a symmetry-based approach. First we show that the (horizontal) symmetry protecting the vanishing of the Love numbers recently exhibited by Hui et al., dubbed the HJPSS symmetry, coincides with one of the $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$ sl (2, ℝ) generators of the Schrödinger group. Then, it is demonstrated that the HJPSS symmetry is selected thanks to the spontaneous breaking of the full Schrödinger symmetry at the horizon down to a simple abelian sub-group. The latter can be understood as the symmetry protecting the regularity of the test field at the horizon. In the 4-dimensional case, this provides a symmetry protection for the vanishing of the Schwarzschild Love numbers. Our results trivially extend to the Kerr case.

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“…The static quadrupolar Love number k 2 identically vanishes for GR BHs in four spacetime dimensions [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], making it a key observable. Measuring non-zero values will indicate a deviation from the GR predictions [27][28][29][30][31][32]. If indeed horizon scale deviations from the GR predictions occur, then the expectation is that the Love numbers will be small, but not extremely small, suppressed only by some additional perturbative parameter that quantifies the strength of the deviations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If indeed horizon scale deviations from the GR predictions occur, then the expectation is that the Love numbers will be small, but not extremely small, suppressed only by some additional perturbative parameter that quantifies the strength of the deviations. The reason for such expectation is that the Love numbers are normalized such that they are order unity if all the dimensional scales are of order of their radius [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Love numbers through resonance excitation during extreme mass ratio inspirals

Avitan,

Brustein,

Sherf

2024

Class. Quantum Grav.

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General Relativity predicts that black holes (BHs) do not possess an internal structure and consequently cannot be excited. This leads to a specific prediction about the waveform of gravitational waves (GWs) which they emit during a binary BH inspiral and to the vanishing of their Love numbers. However, if astrophysical BHs do possess an internal structure, their Love numbers would no longer vanish, and they could be excited during an inspiral by the transfer of orbital energy. This would affect the orbital period and lead to an observable imprint on the emitted GWs waveform. The effect is enhanced if one of the binary companions is resonantly excited. We discuss the conditions for resonant excitation of a hypothetical internal structure of BHs and calculate the phase change of the GWs waveform that is induced due to such resonant excitation during intermediate- and extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. We then relate the phase change to the electric quadrupolar Love number of the larger companion, which is resonantly excited by its smaller companion. We discuss the statistical error on measuring the Love number by LISA and show that, because of this phase change, the statistical error is small even for values of the Love number as small as 10−4 for moderate values of the spin parameter. Our results indicate that, for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with moderate spin parameter, the Love number could be detected by LISA with an accuracy which is higher by up to two orders of magnitude than what can be achieved via tidal deformation effects. Thus, our results indicate that resonant excitation of the central BH during an extreme- or intermediate-mass-ratio inspirals is the most promising effect for putting bounds on, or detecting, non-vanishing tidal Love numbers of BHs.

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Classical Love number for quantum black holes

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Quantum Love

Quantum Love

Hidden symmetry of the static response of black holes: applications to Love numbers

Discovering Love numbers through resonance excitation during extreme mass ratio inspirals

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