Classical swine fever (hog cholera) in wild boar in Europe

Artois, Marc; Depner, Klaus; Gubertì, Vittorio; Hars, Jean; Rossi, Sophie; Rutili, D.

doi:10.20506/rst.21.2.1332

Cited by 150 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Classical swine fever virus (CSF) is of increasing concern in Europe where wild boar plays an important epidemiological role (Artois et al 2002). Outbreaks of disease in wild boar are generally self-limiting but in some circumstances, the virus circulates for several years (Pol et al 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All CSF strains isolated from wild boar in Germany were isolated in the domestic pig populations in the same area and 92% of outbreaks of CSF in pigs were in regions where CSF was endemic in the wild boar populations and 60% of outbreaks where due to direct or indirect contact with wild boar (Artois et al 2002). This suggests that should disease control measures fail and CSF became established in a population of feral boar in England, it is possible a reservoir would be established that could reinfect domestic pigs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indirect disease transmission methods should be addressed by a farm biosecurity plan which should include measures such as boot and vehicle washing, use of protective clothing, food hygiene precautions, pest control and effective cleansing and disinfection protocols. The OIE Working Group on Wildlife Diseases stated that 'appropriate compartmentalisation can efficiently avoid crosscontamination of domestic swine, provided that effective measures are used to avoid introduction of contaminated material in pig housing (Artois et al 2002). Boars are known to break into both domestic pig and farmed wild boar enclosures in order to mate with sows.…”

Section: Exposure Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative risk assessment of the role of the feral wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the likelihood of incursion and the impacts on effective disease control of selected exotic diseases in England

Hartley¹

2009

Eur J Wildl Res

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A qualitative risk assessment was undertaken to analyse the likelihood of the incursion of selected exotic infectious disease into England's small populations of feral boar and the potential impacts these animals could have on effective disease control. In order to identify the exposure pathways, it was necessary to consider not only the epidemiology of the pathogens but also to understand how the ecology and behaviour of wild

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exposure Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Qualitative risk assessment of the role of the feral wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the likelihood of incursion and the impacts on effective disease control of selected exotic diseases in England

Hartley¹

2009

Eur J Wildl Res

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“…Hence, a higher sampling effort would be needed to evaluate the risk of ADV transmission at the wild boar/domestic pig interface in theses areas (e.g., in tuberculosis infection; Parra et al 2005). Contacts between both suids could be increased in the case of open-air produced domestic pigs and in inappropriately restricted indoor farms, as suggested in the case of classical swine fever (Artois et al 2002). Preventive measures of protection that prevent contact between wild boars and pigs should be implemented in order to completely eradicate Aujeszky's disease from the domestic pig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological risk factors of Aujeszky’s disease in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and domestic pigs in Spain

et al. 2008

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An Aujeszky's disease (AD) control and eradication campaign started in Spain in 1995, and as a result, AD virus (ADV) seroprevalences have notably diminished in Spanish domestic pig herds, but eradication has not yet been achieved. Since the presence of ADV in Spanish wild boar populations can impede schemes to eradicate ADV in domestic pig, we conducted analyses of risk factors and investigated associations between the patterns of ADV seroprevalence at the municipal level in the wild boar and the domestic pig, respectively, in south-central Spain. There was a clear influence of individual factors on the risk of wild boar to test positive to ADV. Concerning the domestic pig, higher ADV seroprevalences were observed with increasing numbers of pigs per farm. Indoor pig farms showed higher seroprevalences than open-air farms. Our results show that, at least at the study scale, the level of ADV seroprevalence in domestic pig farms is not influenced by the level of ADV seroprevalence in the coexisting wild boar populations. Also, there was no influence of domestic pigs ADV seroprevalence on the risk of wild boars to test seropositive. Finally, there was no evidence for a statistical association between ADV seroprevalence levels in wild boar and domestic pig at the municipal level in the study region. These findings are of interest for both veterinary and public health authorities. Nevertheless, more effort is needed in order to elucidate the nature of particular ADV outbreaks in domestic pigs in the study region due to possible contacts with wild boars, which will probably require a molecular approach.

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“…Advancing agricultural damages and the immigration of wild boar into urban areas cause ecological and epidemiological concerns (Maillard et al 1996;Vassant 1996;Schnidig-Petrig and Koller 2004) including the risk of transmission of classical swine fever (CSF) into domestic pig populations (Hromas 1996;Kaden 1998Kaden , 1999Artois et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can hair traps sample wild boar (Sus scrofa) randomly for the purpose of non-invasive population estimation?

et al. 2009

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Reliable estimation of population size remains a major challenge in wildlife ecology and management. Lately, genotyping of non-invasively obtained tissue samples integrated in a modified capture-recapture approach provides new perspectives. Faeces, moulted feathers, or hairs can be easily sampled in the field. However, an important assumption is homogeneity of sampling across the population. In this pilot study, we tested the suitability of baited barbed wire hair sampling stations ('hair traps') for homogeneous genetic sampling for population estimation. A video system based on a new network internet protocol was used to observe the behaviour of wild boar visiting baited hair traps for gaining information about potential heterogeneities in the individual sampling probability. Within 92 monitoring nights at two sampling stations, 216 wild boar visits were recorded and 142 hair samples containing 2,124 single hairs were collected. Video analysis revealed distinct differences in the behaviour of wild boar with respect to the sampling station which are most likely to result in heterogeneous individual sampling probabilities. Adult and subadult animals differed in their behaviour dependent on their group status. This result indicates that hair sampling with baited hair traps is not suitable for representative non-invasive sampling of free ranging wild boar populations.

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Classical swine fever (hog cholera) in wild boar in Europe

Cited by 150 publications

References 37 publications

Qualitative risk assessment of the role of the feral wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the likelihood of incursion and the impacts on effective disease control of selected exotic diseases in England

Qualitative risk assessment of the role of the feral wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the likelihood of incursion and the impacts on effective disease control of selected exotic diseases in England

Epidemiological risk factors of Aujeszky’s disease in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and domestic pigs in Spain

Can hair traps sample wild boar (Sus scrofa) randomly for the purpose of non-invasive population estimation?

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