Classification of impulse breakdown mechanisms under non-uniform electric field in air

Kojima, H.; Hotta, Katsuki; Kitamura, Toshio; Hayakawa, Naoki; Otake, Atsushi; Kobayashi, Katsuichiro; Kato, Tatsuro; Rokunohe, Toshiaki; Ōkubo, H.

doi:10.1109/tdei.2015.005352

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Breakdown can occur after the primary streamer discharges by either channel-heating breakdown or leader-type channel breakdown [18], [19]. Channel-heating breakdown requires crossing and sufficient heating of a secondary streamer channel.…”

Section: A Breakdown Mechanisms Of Inhomogeneous Air Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface charging of dielectric barriers under positive lightning impulse stress

Meyer

Mauseth

Husoy

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomenon (CEIDP)

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Abstract-The complex geometry of gas-insulated substations makes it difficult to predict withstand voltages. A key challenge is the characterization of the interaction between electrical discharges and dielectric surfaces. A 60 mm rod-plane air gap with a dielectric barrier is stressed with positive lightning impulse, initiating discharges that are characterized with a PMT, a current measurement system and a high-speed camera. The discharges do not lead to breakdown at the tested voltages. The residual potential on the barrier is measured with a potential probe. Depending on the gap distance, the potential distribution is either bell-shaped or saddle-shaped. The saddle-shape appears when back discharges are seen from the electrode to the barrier. Back discharges reduce the surface charge until the voltage between barrier and rod is lower than the rod inception voltage. Charge density distributions are estimated from the measurements using FEM simulations. In addition to streamer discharges, leadertype channels are sometimes observed. They are arrested close to the dielectric surface. Streamers from these channels charge the dielectric barrier additionally.

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Section: A Breakdown Mechanisms Of Inhomogeneous Air Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface charging of dielectric barriers under positive lightning impulse stress

Meyer

Mauseth

Husoy

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomenon (CEIDP)

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“…Kojima et al [5] classified positive LI breakdown mechanisms in rod-plane gaps. In their work, two main classes of positive breakdowns are described: channel-heating breakdown and leader-type breakdown.…”

Section: Empirical Breakdown Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The period between primary streamers crossing and leader-type channel inception is sometimes characterized by propagation and crossing of secondary streamers [5], [11]. As the leader-type breakdown mechanism was the only breakdown mechanism seen when d > 20 mm, it is assumed that a voltage higher than the 50 % BD voltage is needed in these geometries for secondary streamers to cause breakdown [5].…”

Section: Discharge Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the leader-type breakdown mechanism was the only breakdown mechanism seen when d > 20 mm, it is assumed that a voltage higher than the 50 % BD voltage is needed in these geometries for secondary streamers to cause breakdown [5].…”

Section: Discharge Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus in this work is on positive lightning impulse (LI) stressed short (20-100 mm) inhomogeneous air gaps, applicable to MV switchgear insulation designs. Breakdown in these gaps can happen via a leader-type channel propagating around the space charge left by the initial streamer discharges [5]. The aim of this work is to investigate how this breakdown mechanism fits with standard breakdown voltage prediction models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breakdown in short rod-plane air gaps under positive lightning impulse stress

Meyer¹,

Mauseth²,

Pedersen³

et al. 2017

NORD-IS

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Prediction of withstand voltages in air-insulated systems are made on the basis of empirical models that are not sufficiently accurate for complex geometries. Better understanding of the spatiotemporal development of electrical discharges is necessary to improve the present models. Discharges in lightning impulse stressed 20-100 mm rod-plane gaps are examined using a highspeed camera, photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) and a highbandwidth current measurement system. The images and measurements of gaps larger than 20 mm show a fast initial streamer discharge with a current rise time of some tens of ns, followed by a dark period of a few µs and a propagation of a slower leader-type channel leading to breakdown. The breakdown mechanisms in the shortest gaps are faster and geometry dependent, probably occuring by heating of initial streamer channels. Different light filters used with the PMTs indicate that all parts of the leader-type discharge development emit light over a spectrum from UV to IR. The initial discharges emit low amounts of warm light and IR compared to the leader-type channel. Finally, it is suggested that empirical breakdown voltage prediction models should be interpreted in light of the leader-type breakdown mechanism.

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