“…Therefore, it faces numerous environmental challenges. Due to the improper disposal of chemicals and toxic metals used in production processes in the textile industry (Zivkovic, Vukadinovic, & Veljkovic, 2018), freshwater resources are polluted, and environmental pollution increases (Periyasamy, Wiener, & Militky 2017). On the other hand, considering the fact that textile products account for 10% of the world's carbon emissions throughout their entire life cycle (Echeverria et al, 2019), it is an important requirement to ensure environmental sustainability in the textile industry (Gbolarumi, Wong, & Olohunde, 2021;Martínez-Martínez et al, 2022).…”