Cleaner Environment Approach by the Utilization of Low Calcium Wood Ash in Geopolymer Concrete

Abstract

The waste disposal issues were the most severe problems that could cause global warming, which depletes the environment. The research hypothesis was to find the suitability and sustainability of utilizing the waste by-products in the invention of green geopolymer concrete to eliminate the tremendous effects caused by the wastes. Due to the increased demand for fly ash in recent years, the requirement of high alkaline activators, and elevated temperature for curing, there was a research gap to find an alternative binder. The novelty of this research was to utilize the waste wood ash, which is available plenty in nearby hotels and has an inbuilt composition of high potassium that can act as a self alkaline activator. Waste wood ash procured from the local hotels was replaced with fly ash by 0 to 100% at 10% intervals. The setting and mechanical characteristics were found on the prolonged ages to understand the influence of waste wood ash. Microstructural characterization was found using Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis to define the impact of waste wood ash in the microstructure. The research findings showed that replacing 30% waste wood ash with fly ash attained better performance in setting properties and all mechanical parameters. The obtained optimum mix could provide the best alternative for fly ash in geopolymer to eliminate the economic thrust by the requirement of alkaline activators and deploy the environmental impact caused by the waste wood ash.

Experimental investigation of geopolymer concrete along with biomedical and bone China waste at different molarities of sodium hydroxide

“…The micro-filler effect of BMW is also responsible for the high CST of the mixes as it is suggested that the use of 30% BMW as replacement of GGBFS in GPC has resulted in high CST (Suresh Kumar et al 2022a , b , c , 2023 ; Arunachalam et al 2022 ). The enhanced CST is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , b ; Arun et al 2022 ). The use of waste glass powder along with BMW in GPC has resulted in compact bonding ultimately resulting in high CST (Suresh Kumar et al 2022b , c ).…”

“…The micro-filler effect of BMW is also responsible for the high workability of the mixes as it is suggested that the use of 30% BMW as replacement of GGBFS in GPC has resulted in high workability (Suresh Kumar et al 2022a , b , c , 2023 ; Arunachalam et al 2022 ). The enhanced workability is also seen when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , b ; Arun et al 2022 ).…”

“…The FST of GPC that had been cured at room temperature mostly followed the same growth trend as the FST of OPC concrete, according to a comparison of the engineering properties of GPC with various additives and the corresponding OPC (Jindal et The micro-filler effect of BMW is also responsible for the high FST of the mixes it is suggested that the use of 30% BMW as replacement of GGBFS in GPC has resulted in high FST (Suresh Kumar et al , 2022cArunachalam et al 2022). The enhanced STST is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023(Arunkumar et al , 2021(Arunkumar et al , 2022a(Arunkumar et al , 2022bArun et al 2022). The use of waste glass powder along with BMW in GPC has resulted in increased fracture resistance and compact bonding ultimately resulting in high FST (Suresh Kumar et al , 2022c.…”

Strength of Concrete Using Partial Addition of Residual Wood Ash with Respect to Cement

“…2020) mentioned that replacing by cement at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% by wood ash had optimum strength values between 25% and 30%. Likewise, according to the research conducted by Arunkumar et al (2022a), the results of their study showed that replacing 30% of wood ash with fly ash resulted in better performance in all mechanical parameters of concrete, since from 40% to 100% substitution its strength progressively decreased below half of its standard strength at 28 days of rupture. However, the findings of Shaker et al (2020) support that wood ash can be used up to 25% in total weight of cement, the concrete does not lose its considerable strength in 28-day tests, as doses higher than 25% or even 50% reduced the strength to half of the 0% replacement in 28-day tests According to Bikoko (2021), he used eucalyptus wood ashes where they mention that they have a negative influence on the strength of concrete when replaced and added with respect to the weight of cement, respectively.…”

Investigation on the effect of ultra fine rice husk ash over slag based geopolymer concrete

“…Plenty of research works focus on the utilization of flyash for the development of geopolymer concrete [6][7][8], bio medical waste ash [9,10], wood ash [11][12][13][14][15], GGBS [16][17][18]. Low calcium fly ash is widely preferred owing to its abundance availability and cheap cost.…”